R

rack
A free-standing framework that holds the devices and card enclosure.

rack configuration list
A list of all of the equipment within the rack and the logic cards within the card enclosure.

rack stabilizer
A plate that holds the rack stable or steady when a device is pulled out for service.

RACL
See Random Automated Cartridge Loader (RACL).

radio button
A circle with text beside it. Radio buttons are combined to show a user a fixed set of choices from which only one can be selected. The circle is partially filled when a choice is selected.

radix-tree index
In DB2 UDB for AS/400, an object that provides random access to rows in a database table. See also encoded-vector index and index.

RAID
See Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID).

RAID-5
The RAID method used by the high-performance models of the IBM 9337 Disk Array Subsystem. See also Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) and device parity protection.

rails
Hardware attached inside the rack to install the devices.

RAM
See random access memory (RAM).

RAMP-C
A generic commercial interactive application that IBM designed to measure and compare system performance capabilities.

random access
In COBOL, an access method in which the program-specified value of a key data item identifies the logical record that is obtained from, deleted from, or placed into a relative or indexed file.

random access memory (RAM)
A storage device in which data can be written and read.

Random Automated Cartridge Loader (RACL)
A cartridge loader that includes individual drives that can have their own facility to use an automated tape library.

random by key
A processing method for files in which the value in the key field identifies the records to be processed.

random by relative record number
A processing method for files in which relative record numbers identify the records to be processed.

random number
In Cryptographic Support, a number obtained by chance. Contrast with pseudorandom number.

random processing
A method of processing in which records can be read from, written to, or deleted from a file order requested by the program that is using them. See also consecutive processing and sequential processing.

raster pattern
In AFP support, a series of pels arranged in scan lines. The toned or untoned status of each pel creates an image. A digitized raster pattern is an array of bits. The on or off status of each bit determines the toned or untoned status of each pel.

rational number
A real number that is the quotient of an integer divided by an integer other than zero.

RBR
See rollback required (RBR).

RC
A REXX special variable set to the return code from any executed host command or subcommand. It is also set to the return code when the conditions ERROR, FAILURE, and SYNTAX are trapped.

RCB
See record control byte (RCB).

RCD
See read cache device (RCD).

RCMS
See remote change management server (RCMS).

RCS
See remote controlling system (RCS).

RDB
See relational database (RDB).

RDB directory
The directory where remote databases in the network are registered. Information in a directory tells the system which communications parameters to use to connect to a remote database. The RDB directory also contains the name of the local database.

RDBMS
See relational database management system (RDBMS).

RDN
See relative distinguished name (RDN).

RDO
See resource definition online (RDO).

read access
In DCE Cell Directory Service (CDS), an access right that grants the ability to view data.

read authority
(1) A data authority that allows the user to look at the contents of an entry in an object. See also add authority, delete authority, execute authority, and update authority.
(2) An authority subset that allows the user to read entries in an object. The system-recognized identifier is *R. *R authority combines object operational authority and read authority.

read cache device (RCD)
A volatile solid-state disk that is optimized for use as memory for the extended adaptive cache.

reader
(1) An internal program that reads jobs from an input device or a database file and places them on a job queue.
(2) In RJE, a program that reads jobs from a database file or interactive display station and sends them to the host system.

read/execute authority
An object authority that allows the user to read entries in an object, run a program, and search a library or directory. Read/execute authority combines object operational authority, read authority, and execute authority. The system-recognized identifier is *RX.

read-from-invited-program-devices operation
An input operation that waits for input from any one of the invited program devices for a user-specified time. Contrast with read-from-one-program-device operation.

read-from-one-program-device operation
An input operation that will not complete until the specified device has responded with input. Contrast with read-from-invited-program-devices operation.

read-only memory (ROM)
Memory in which stored data cannot be changed by the user except under special conditions. See also CD-ROM.

read-only replica
In DCE Cell Directory Service (CDS), a copy of a CDS directory in which applications cannot make changes.

read operation
An input operation that obtains data from a file or device and passes it to a program.

read stability
In DB2 UDB for AS/400, an isolation level similar to repeatable read, but read stability does not completely isolate an application process from all other application processes that are running concurrently. At the read stability level, an application that issues the same query more than once might read additional rows (phantom rows) that were inserted and committed by an application process that is running concurrently. See also cursor stability, repeatable read, and uncommitted read.

read/write authority
An object authority that allows the user to add, change, delete, and read entries in an object. Read/write authority combines object operational authority, read authority, add authority, update authority, and delete authority. The system-recognized identifier is *RW.

read/write/execute authority
An object authority that allows the user to add, change, delete, and read execute entries in an object, run a program, and search a library or directory. Read/write/execute authority combines object operational authority, read authority, add authority, update authority, delete authority, and execute authority. The system-recognized identifier is *RWX.

read/write head
The data sensing and recording unit of the diskette drive or tape drive.

realm
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), in Kerberos specifications, a cell that is considered exclusively from the point of view of security. The term cell designates the basic unit of DCE configuration and administration and incorporates the notion of a realm.

real-time
Pertaining to the processing of data by a computer in connection with another process outside the computer according to time requirements imposed by the outside process. This term is also used to describe systems operating in conversational mode and processes that can be influenced by human intervention while they are in progress. (I) (A)

reason code
In MQSeries, a return code that describes the reason for the failure or partial success of an Message Queue Interface (MQI) call.

reassembly
In OSI, a function performed by an (N)-entity to map multiple (N)-protocol-data-units into one (N)-service-data-unit. Reassembly is the opposite of segmenting. Contrast with segmenting.

reassign
To mark a disk sector as damaged. The marked disk sector points to another sector location where the data from the damaged sector is moved.

rebind
(1) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, the creation of a new access plan for a program that was previously bound. If, for example, an index is added for a table that is used by an application program, DB2 UDB for AS/400 can automatically bind the application program again to take advantage of that index.
(2) To request renewal of a lease from a server on a particular network.

rebuild maintenance
A method of maintaining keyed access paths for database files. This method updates the access path only while the file is open, not when the file is closed; the access path is rebuilt when the file is opened. Contrast with immediate maintenance and delayed maintenance.

received line signal detector (RLSD)
A signal defined in the EIA-232 standard that indicates to the data terminal equipment (DTE) that it is receiving a signal from the remote data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE).

receive mode
A time during which the BSC adapter looks for synchronization characters, and stores the data characters in main storage.

receive not ready (RNR)
In communications, a data link command or response that indicates a temporary condition of being unable to accept incoming frames.

receiver
(1) See journal receiver.
(2) In hardware, a functional unit that converts small electronic signals to signals that control a device.

receiver chain
The journal receivers presently or previously attached to the same journal. Each journal receiver, except the first one, has a previous receiver that was attached before the current receiver. Each journal receiver, except the currently attached receiver, has a next receiver.

receiver chain break
A logical break in a receiver chain.

receiver directory
Summary information about the journal receivers that are or were attached to the specified journal and are still known to the system.

receive ready (RR)
In communications, a data link command or response that indicates that a station is ready to receive protocol data units. Receive ready also acknowledges receipt of protocol data units.

receive time-out
In data communications, the result of no data being received in a given period of time.

receiving cross-domain key
In Cryptographic Support, a cross-domain key used to decrypt a data-encrypting key that was encrypted by another location.

receptacle
A hollowed electrical fitting that contains the live parts of a circuit.

recipient
In the OfficeVision program, the user to whom mail is sent.

recipient address
A string of data that represents the address associated with the recipient of the message. The contents and format of the string are not defined by the mail server framework. The address type associated with the recipient address is assumed to define the contents of the recipient address field.

recipient history tree
A structure that represents the changes to the recipient list, so that a recipient can be traced back to the recipient entry in the original recipient list passed using the Create Mail Message application program interface (API).

recombining
In OSI, a function performed by an entity that is the reverse of splitting.

Recommendation X.21
A document, CCITT Recommendation X.21, that outlines standards for a general-purpose interface between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) for synchronous operations on a public data network.

Recommendation X.21 bis
A document, CCITT Recommendation X.21 bis, that outlines standards for the interface between data terminal equipment (DTE) and V-series data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) for synchronous operations on a public data network.

Recommendation X.25
A document, CCITT Recommendation X.25, that outlines standards for the connection of processing equipment to a packet-switching data network.

Recommendation X.31
A document, CCITT Recommendation X.31, that outlines standards for the X.25 protocol over integrated services digital networks (ISDNs).

record
(1) A group of related data, words, or fields treated as a unit, such as one name, address, and telephone number.
(2) In COBOL, the most inclusive data item. The level-number for a record is 01. A record can be either an elementary item or a group item.

record address file
In RPG, an input file that indicates which records are to be read from another file and the order in which the records are to be read.

record area
In COBOL, a storage area in which a record described in a record description entry in the File Section is processed.

record control byte (RCB)
In multileaving telecommunications access method (MTAM), a control character used to identify each record type within a transmission block.

record description entry
In COBOL, the total set of data description entries associated with a particular record.

record format
A named part of a file that identifies records of a specified record format description.

record format definition
In IDDU, information that describes the arrangement or layout of fields in a record. A record format definition resides in a data dictionary. See also field definition and file definition.

record format description
A description of the characteristics of the fields (for example, type and length) and the arrangement of the fields in a record created by the user.

record ID code
See record identification code.

record identification code
Characters placed in a record to identify the record format.

record identifying indicator
An indicator that identifies the record just read.

record key
(1) In COBOL, a key field whose contents identify a record within an indexed file.
(2) In RPG, all the key fields defined for the record type.

record layout
In AFP Utilities, a part of the printout format definition that defines how each field of a database file record is formatted and printed by the print format utility. See also page layout.

record level specifications
Data description specifications coded on the same line as a record format name or on lines immediately following a record format name (until the first field is specified). See also field level specifications, file level specifications, key field level specifications, help level specifications, join level specifications, and select/omit level specifications.

record-name
In COBOL, a user-defined word that names a record described in a record description entry in the Data Division of a COBOL program.

record number
In COBOL, the ordinal number of a record in the file whose organization is sequential.

record selection
The process of selecting particular records from a file and including the information from the records, for example, in a report.

record separator
In BSC, a control character used to indicate the end of one record and the beginning of another.

record type
The classification of records in a file. Records of the same type have the same fields in the same order. For program-described files, these records have record identification codes; for externally described files, the records have the same record format name.

recoverability
The degree or extent to which the system can be restored to an operational condition after a system failure.

recovery
(1) The process of rebuilding databases after a system failure.
(2) In Backup Recovery and Media Services, the process of locating and restoring data in the event of partial or total data destruction. The recovery service automatically locates the correct media to be restored based on user-defined media management and recovery requirements.

recovery domain
A subset of nodes in a cluster that are grouped together for a common purpose, such as rebuilding databases after a system failure. A domain represents those nodes of the cluster where cluster resource exists.

recovery library
The library containing information related to recovery of database operations from system failures. Named QRECOVERY.

recovery policy
In Backup Recovery and Media Services, a policy that defines the default controls and values to be used in recovery operations.

recurring attribute
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), an attribute with several attribute values.

recursion
A programming technique in which a program or routine calls itself to perform each successive step in the solution of a problem and uses the output returned from this call in completing the current step.

recursion level
The position of a program in a call stack. The first occurrence of a program in a job has a recursion level of 1, the second occurrence of the same program has a recursion level of 2, and so on.

recursive
Pertaining to a program or routine that calls itself after each run until it is interrupted.

recursive mutex
A read/write lock that is acquired again by the owning thread.

recursive procedure
An active procedure that can be called from within itself or from within another active procedure.

recursive program
A program that can call itself, or be called by another program, and repeat indefinitely until a specified condition is met.

reduced instruction set computer (RISC)
A computer that uses a small, simplified set of frequently used instructions for rapid processing. Contrast with complex instruction set computer (CISC). See also PowerPC.

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)
A method of protecting data loss due to disk failure based on the Redundant Array of Independent Disks specification published by the University of California in 1987. See also device parity protection.

reentrant
A program that is serially reusable. Each time the user enters the program, a fresh copy of working storage is provided. If any values need to be saved, the user must save them in other storage areas or files.

reference
In VisualAge RPG, information from a physical source file that may be extracted at build time. Any changes made to the original source must be recompiled to reflect the changes at run time.

reference area
In the OfficeVision program, text shown above or beside a table column when the column is being changed or inserted.

reference code
The four-character name of a status or error condition.

reference code translation table
An object that contains reference code and field-replaceable-unit (FRU) code records. These records are used to report hardware errors and do problem analysis and resolution. The system-recognized identifier for the object type is *RCT.

reference diskette
A diskette that contains the information about the configuration of a Personal System/2 system (PS/2).

referenced window record
In DDS, a record containing the WINDOW keyword that identifies the name of a window definition record.

reference format
A format that provides a standard method for describing COBOL source programs.

reference line
In Business Graphics Utility, a straight line parallel to either the vertical or horizontal axis relative to which data values are plotted on a chart. Sometimes called a translated axis line.

reference modification
In the COBOL licensed program, a method of establishing and referring to a data item by specifying a leftmost character position and length within a character string.

reference modifier
In COBOL, the leftmost character position and the length of a character string used to establish and refer to a data item.

reference modify
To establish and refer to a COBOL data item by specifying a leftmost character position and length within a character string.

reference monitor
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), code that controls access to an object.

reference number
In the OfficeVision program, a number assigned to an item on the calendar. Contrast with footnote reference number.

reference phrase
The text that is highlighted and preceded by a single-character input field used to signify the existence of a hypertext link.

reference pointer
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a non-null pointer whose value is invariant during a remote procedure call, and cannot point at aliased storage.

referential constraint
The rule that the non-null values of the foreign key are valid only if they also appear as values of a parent key. The referential constraint is always defined from the dependent file's perspective.

referential cycle
(1) A sequence of constraint relationships in which a descendent of a parent file becomes the parent to the original parent file. Synonymous with constraint cycle.
(2) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, a set of referential constraints such that each table in the set is a descendent of itself.

referential integrity
The state of a database in which all values of all foreign keys are valid. Each value of the foreign key must also exist in the parent key or be null.

referral
In the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), a pointer from one LDAP directory server to another.

reflective marker
See marker.

refresh
In DataPropagator Relational, a process in which all of the data in the user table is copied to the target table. This data may replace existing data or be appended to existing data.

register
(1) A storage area having a specified storage capacity and usually reserved for a special purpose.
(2) In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), to place server-addressing information into the local endpoint map. Also, to insert authorization and authentication information into binding information
(3) In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), to list an RPC interface with the RPC run time. See endpoint map and RPC interface.
(4) In the hierarchical file system, to make an underlying file system and the specific functions it supports known to the application programming interface layer and accessible to user applications.

registered enterprise-unique identifier
A name given to an entire network that makes the network unique among other networks, including IBM networks. New users are requested to register the network name with IBM if they plan to communicate with IBM networks (for PTF information, for example).

registered filter
A filter that allows more than one active filter for alerts and problem logs. When a filter is registered, the AS/400 system can send notification of events to a data queue. Registered filters behave slightly different than filters exposed through the network attributes or system value commands.

registrar
In DataPropagator Relational, a person who registers source tables.

registration
(1) In DataPropagator Relational, the act of identifying a source table to make it available for subscription.
(2) In OSI, the process of obtaining identifiers for objects from the appropriate naming authorities. Registered identifiers should be obtained for the following objects, which relate to OSI Communications Subsystem operations: (a) NSAP addresses, (b) DTE addresses, (c) abstract syntaxes, (d) application contexts, and (e) application entities.
(3) In X.25, the process used between a DTE and a DCE to establish an agreement on which optional user facilities will be in effect. For example, the DTE can request that the DCE agree to or stop a previous agreement for an optional user facility. Also, a DCE can indicate which optional user facilities are available or which optional user facilities are currently in effect. The negotiation is accomplished through the exchange of registration packets.

registration facility
A service that provides storage and retrieval operations for OS/400 and non-OS/400 exit points and exit programs.

registration facility repository
The repository that contains information about the OS/400 and non-OS/400 exit points and exit programs.

Registry database
In DCE Security, a database of security information about principals, groups, organizations, accounts, and security policies.

Registry replica
In DCE Security, a read-only instance of a Registry database.

Registry Service
One of the three services provided by the DCE Security Service, the Registry Service manages information about principals, accounts, and security policies. The other services are the Privilege Service and the Authentication Service.

REJ
See reject (REJ).

reject (REJ)
In communications, a data link command or response used to request the resending of information frames.

rejoin
To become an active member of an entity after having been a nonparticipating member.

relational character
In COBOL, one of the characters that express a relationship between two operands: = (equal to), > (greater than), < (less than).

relational checking
(1) The evaluation of the operands in a relational expression, based on the relational operator used.
(2) In RPG, tests performed against two statements in a source program to ensure that the statements are valid (for example, a GOTO operation must have an associated TAG operation). This type of checking is done only by the compiler as opposed to single-statement syntax checking that is done by the SEU function.

relational condition
In COBOL, a condition that relates two arithmetic expressions, data items, or both.

relational data
Data stored in a relational database management system (DBMS).

relational database management system (RDBMS)
A system that manages relational databases such as DB2 UDB, DB2 UDB/VSE & VM, DB2 UDB for AS/400, and Database Manager (for OS/2) databases.

relational database (RDB)
(1) The complete collection of tables that is managed by one database management system (DBMS).
(2) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, a data structure perceived by its users as a collection of tables that is organized and accessed according to relationships between data items.

relational expression
A logical statement that describes the relationship (such as greater than or equal to) of two arithmetic expressions or data items.

relational operator
(1) The reserved words or symbols used to express a relational condition or a relational expression.
(2) In COBOL, a reserved word, a relational character, a group of consecutive reserved words, or a group of consecutive reserved words and relational characters used to express a relational condition.
(3) Any of the set of operators that express an arithmetic condition that can be either true or false. The operators are: .GT., .GE., .LT., .LE., .EQ., and .NE.. They are defined as greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, less than or equal to, equal to, and not equal to, respectively.

relationship
In the Application Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed program, a definition of the dependency between two parts.

relative data
In Business Graphics Utility, values in a computer image that specify points relative to other points in the image.

relative distinguished name (RDN)
(1) In the DCE X/Open Directory Service (XDS), a set of Attribute Value Assertions (AVAs).
(2) In OSI, a name that forms part of a distinguished name. See also distinguished name.

relative end position
In RPG, an entry on the output specifications that indicates the number of blank positions that are to appear between a field or constant defined on one specification line and the field or constant defined on the preceding specification line. Contrast with exact end position.

relative file number
In the DDS for a join logical file, a sequential number assigned to a physical file based on the position of that file on the JFILE keyword specification.

relative key
In COBOL, an unsigned number that can be used directly by the system to locate a record in a file. Same as relative record number.

relative host name
The specific subname of a fully qualified host name. For example, smith is a relative host name for smith.endicott.ibm.com.

relative-name format
A print descriptor naming convention that uses group alias names instead of system-specific (actual) group names.

relative organization
In COBOL, the file organization in which each record is uniquely identified by a positive number value that specifies the position in the file relative to the first record.

relative path name
A string of characters used to refer to an object, starting at some point in the directory hierarchy other than the root. A relative path name does not begin with a slash (/). The starting point is frequently a user's current directory. Contrast with absolute path name. See also path name and current directory.

relative positional pattern
In REXX, the part of a parsing template that uses a plus or minus sign to indicate movement relative to a previous pattern match.

relative record number
(1) A number that specifies the relationship between the location of a record and the beginning of a database file, member, or subfile. For example, the first record in a database file, member, or subfile has a relative record number of 1.
(2) In COBOL, the ordinal number of a record in a file whose organization is relative. This number is treated as a numeric constant that is an integer.

relative-size pie
In Business Graphics Utility, a piece on a pie chart drawn proportionally to another piece.

relative time
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), a discrete time interval that is usually added to or subtracted from an absolute time. See absolute time.

relay node
In OSI, a synonym for relay open system.

relay agent
A program that delivers Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) packets to a local system.

relay open system
In OSI architecture, an open system that forwards data received from one open system to another open system. (T) Contrast with adjacent destination node.
Note:A relay open system requires only the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer.

release
A distribution of a new product or new function and authorized program analysis report (APAR) fixes for an existing product. Normally, programming support for the prior release is discontinued after some specified period of time following the availability of a new release. The first version of a product is announced as Release 1 Modification Level 0. See also modification level, version, and VxRxMx.

released state
The state of a connection that results in a disconnect of the connection at the next commit operation. Contrast with held state.

release lever
A part that unlocks the device so it can be pulled out of the rack on the slides.

release-program-device operation
An operation that makes a program device not available for input/output operations. Contrast with acquire-program-device operation.

release token
In OSI, the token that controls the orderly release of an association.

reliable transfer server (RTS)
In OSI X.400, a portion of X.400 that is responsible for creating and maintaining application associations and for reliably transferring distributions between message transfer agents.

REM
See ring error monitor (REM).

reminder
In the OfficeVision program, an item that includes descriptive text on a calendar, for example, a list of work to be done. A reminder includes a date but no start time or end time.

remote
Pertaining to a device, system, or file that is connected to another device, system, or file through a communications line. Contrast with local.

Remote Abstract Window Toolkit for Java
An implementation of the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) that allows Java applications to run on a host system that does not have a graphical user interface (GUI). AS/400 does not support locally attached graphic workstations; therefore Remote AWT is necessary to allow graphical Java applications to run on AS/400.

Remote Access Service
Windows NT software that provides network capabilities over a modem link. AS/400 Operations Console requires Windows NT users to have Remote Access Service.

remote agent
In OSI, an agent process on a remote node. Contrast with local agent.

remote application entity
In OSI, an application entity on a remote node.

remote application process
In OSI, an application process on a remote node. Contrast with local application process.

remote bus adapter
A bus adapter in an expansion unit. Optical cables from the local optical link cards in the system unit plug into this card.

remote change management server (RCMS)
In retail communications and Point-of-Sale Utility, a store controller program communicating over an SNA/SDLC network that connects a host processor and a store controller. RCMS allows the NetView Distribution Manager program to access point-of-sale controller files. It also provides error reporting and recovery for failures and data format conversion for files.

remote console
The display device that qualifies as a system console but is not directly attached to an AS/400 system.

remote controller
A device or system, attached to a communications line, that controls the operation of one or more remote devices. Contrast with local controller.

remote controlling system (RCS)
An AS/400 Operations Console configuration that allows a personal computer to dial into a local controlling system to gain console access to the AS/400 system.

remote control panel
A graphical interface that is provided by AS/400 Operations Console that allows AS/400 control panel operations to be performed from a remote location. This interface allows personal computer access to the AS/400 control panel that controls operating or servicing the system.

remote device
A device whose controller is connected to an AS/400 system by a communications line.

remote directory access
In OSI, the process of accessing directory information that resides on a remote open system.

remote directory service
In OSI, the service that enables a system to obtain directory service from another system. In OSI Communications Subsystem, remote directory service requires the availability of a directory system agent (DSA) from which a directory user agent can obtain directory services using the X.500 directory access protocol (DAP).

remote directory system agent
In OSI, an application process on a remote node that provides directory service.

remote equipment
The modem and controller that provides the communications connection between a communications line and a remote device or system. This remote equipment is at the other end of a data link from the host system.

remote input/output
Data that is maintained across session boundaries, usually in nonvolatile storage such as a database system or a directory.

remote job entry (RJE)
A function of the Communications Utilities licensed program that allows a user to submit a job from a display station on the AS/400 system to a System/370-type host system.

remote journal network
An OS/400 environment that includes a primary system source journal and target system journals. The target system journals, associated by using the remote journal function, are downstream from the primary system source journal.

remote location name
Any other system with which a user's system can communicate in a network. This corresponds to the remote location name specified in the communications configuration. Equivalent to an SNA remote logical unit name. Contrast with local location name.

remote logical unit
In Client Access, the name that Communications Manager/2 uses to identify an AS/400 system with which the personal computer communicates.

remote logical unit alias
In Client Access, the name of the profile that contains the information that uniquely identifies the remote system.

remote manager
In OSI, a managing process on a remote node. Contrast with local manager.

remote name server
(1) In TCP/IP, the function that allows a system to get an internet address from a remote site rather than from its own host table.
(2) A name server that exists outside a local network.

remote network address
In OSI, a network address that identifies a remote node. See also network address.

remote node
In OSI, any node other than the local node. Contrast with local node.

remote NSAP
In OSI, a service access point in the network layer of a remote node.

remote presentation address
In OSI, a presentation address of an application entity on a remote node. See also presentation address. Contrast with local presentation address.

remote printer queue
The name of a printer queue on a remote system. For a remote system that is an AS/400 system, this is the name of an output queue on the remote system.

Remote PrintManager (RPM)
In AFP support, a personal computer product that allows selected font data, overlays, and page segments that are present in advanced function printing data streams to be available to a locally attached IBM page printer.

remote procedure
In DCE remote procedure call (RPC), an application procedure located in an address space separate from calling code. See remote procedure call (RPC).

remote procedure call (RPC)
(1) A network protocol that enables an application to communicate with another server. RPC encompasses many simpler protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Network File System (NFS) client commands use the RPC protocol to connect with the server.
(2) A Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) component that allows requests from a client program to access a procedure located anywhere in the network.

remote queue
In MQSeries, a queue that belongs to a remote queue manager. Programs can put messages on remote queues, but they cannot get messages from remote queues. Contrast with local queue.

remote queue manager
In MQSeries, to a program, a queue manager is remote if it is not the queue manager to which the program is connected.

remote queuing
In MQSeries message queuing, the provision of services to enable applications to put messages on queues belonging to other queue managers.

remote service requester
In OSI, a service requester process on a remote node. Contrast with local service requester.

remote system
Any other system in the network with which your system can communicate.

remote terminal access method (RTAM)
A function of IBM System/370-type computers that controls operations between the Job Entry Subsystems (JES2) (JES3) and remote work stations on the AS/400 system.

remote unit of work
(1) The form of SQL distributed processing in which the application is on a system different from the relational database, and a single application server services all remote unit-of-work requests within a single logical unit of work.
(2) A unit of work that allows for the remote preparation and execution of SQL statements.

remote work station
A work station that is connected to the system by data communications. Contrast with local work station.

remote writer
A system program that sends spooled files from an output queue to a remote system.

removable media
Media (diskette, tape, or CD-ROM) that can be removed from the drive that is used to read from the media or to write to the media.

repeatable read
In DB2 UDB for AS/400, an isolation level that completely isolates an application process from all other application processes that are running concurrently. At the repeatable-read level, rows read during a unit of work cannot be changed by application processes that are running concurrently until the unit of work is complete, rows changed by application processes that are processing concurrently cannot be read until they are committed by that application process, and phantom rows are prevented. See also cursor stability, read stability, and uncommitted read.

repetitive DO loop
In REXX, any instruction that has either a repetitor phrase or a conditional phrase (or both). The instruction list within the instruction is run zero or more times, controlled by any repetitor phrase that is optionally changed by a conditional phrase.

replica
(1) In the DCE Cell Directory Service (CDS), a directory in the CDS namespace. See master replica and read-only replica.
(2) In the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), a read-only server that contains the same data as another server. Replicas are used to back up LDAP servers and to provide faster searches by splitting requests among the main server and replica servers.

replica set
In the DCE Cell Directory Service (CDS), the set of all copies of a CDS directory.

replicate
In a remote journal network, to make a duplicate copy of a journal entry from a source journal to a target journal.

replicate node
A complete copy of a cluster resource that is kept up to date through replication. A node that is designated a replicate node cannot become a backup node or a primary node. See also backup node and primary node.

replication
(1) The process of copying objects from one node in a cluster to one or more other nodes in the cluster, which makes the objects on all the systems identical.
(2) In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), the making of a shadow of a database to be used by another node. Replication can improve availability and load-sharing.

reply message
A type of message used for replies to request messages.

reply-to address
A string of data that represents the address to be replied to. The contents and format of the string are not defined by the mail server framework. The address type associated with the reply-to address is assumed to define the contents of the reply-to address field.

reply-to queue
In MQSeries, the name of a queue to which the program that issued a put request wants either a reply message sent or a report message sent.

report
In query management, the formatted data that results from running a query and applying a form to it.

report break
In Query, a blank line or new page that appears in a report when the contents of a specified field in the report change. A report break can contain column summaries.

reporting node
In OSI, a node that reports a message to a manager node.

report layout utility (RLU)
A function of the Application Development ToolSet licensed program that is used to create, change, and save report prototypes. See also report prototype.

report line
In RLU, a record that is part of a report prototype for which the user creates data description specifications (DDS).

report message
A type of message that gives information about another message. A report message usually indicates that the original message cannot be processed for some reason.

report prototype
In RLU, a representation of the image of a report that a user builds on a display and the printed report image, both of which look like the actual listing created by an application program. The report prototype, when saved as a DDS source member, can be used to create a printer file, which, in turn, can be used by an application program to create a report.

repository
See distribution repository.

request
In OSI, a service primitive issued by a service user to call a function supported by the service provider.

request buffer
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a first-in-first-out queue where an RPC system temporarily stores call requests that arrive at an endpoint of an RPC server until the server can process them.

requester
(1) A workstation from which a user can log on to a domain and use network resources.
(2) In Client Access, a program that requests services from another program (a server). Each Client Access function has a server and a requester.

Request for Price Quotation (RPQ)
A customer request for a price quotation on alterations or additions to the functional capabilities of a hardware product for a computing system or a device. Compare with Programming Request for Price Quotation (PRPQ).

request functional transmission
In multileaving telecommunications access method (MTAM), a control character indicating a request for permission to send data. Contrast with grant functional transmission.

request header (RH)
In SNA, a 3-byte header that precedes a request unit. The request header specifies the type of request unit and contains control information associated with that request unit. Contrast with response header.

request message
A message that requests a function from the receiving program.

request unit (RU)
In SNA, the record transmitted to the other system. This record can contain a request, data, or both. Contrast with response unit (RU).

required backspace
In the OfficeVision program, a formatting control that moves the printer back a number of spaces before printing any text.

required carrier return
In the OfficeVision program, a manually entered carrier return used after a short line or at the end of a paragraph to ensure that no more text will be added to the line during automatic line adjustment.

required hyphen
In the OfficeVision program, a hyphen that is not removed when the OfficeVision program adjusts lines. Contrast with syllable hyphen.

required space
In the OfficeVision program, a space or blank that is not removed when the OfficeVision program adjusts lines (or paragraphs) of text.

required tab
In the OfficeVision program, a tab that marks a temporary left margin.

reserved memory
The area of main storage between 640KB and 1MB on a personal computer. Reserved memory cannot be used by adapters and special programs, such as expanded memory support.

reserved word
A special word that has a specific meaning to the system as defined in a programming language.

reset (RST)
The reset logical unit of work (LUW) state indicates that the current LUW has not yet begun to prepare to commit. A failure during RST state results in a rollback of any pending changes.

resident
Remaining in main storage.

residual error
An error that is not detected by the network layer. Examples of residual errors are loss, corruption, duplication, and delivery out of sequence of TPDUs. Contrast with signaled error.

resilient application
A server program that can be restarted on a different node without requiring a user to reconfigure the clients.

resilient resource
Data, a process, or an application that can be recovered if a node in a cluster fails.

resolution
In computer graphics, a measure of the sharpness of an image, expressed as the number of lines per unit of length or the number of points per unit of area discernible in that image.

resolve
(1) In the OfficeVision program, to process the text instructions in a document while it is being printed.
(2) In programming, to change a predefined, symbolic value to the actual value of the item being processed. For example, a symbolic value of *LAST defined for the name of a file member is resolved to the name of the last member when the member is processed.

resolved document
In the OfficeVision program, a document that contains final-form text. A document that has all text instructions processed and is formatted for printing.

resolved import
An import whose type and name exactly match the type and name of an export.

resource
(1) Any part of the system required by a job or task, including main storage, devices, the processing unit, programs, files, libraries, and folders.
(2) Any physical item or logical item to be managed in an information system of an enterprise.
(3) In OSI, pertaining to that which provides a service. See also logical resource and physical resource.

resource definition online (RDO)
In CICS, a facility that allows the user to define certain CICS resources interactively while CICS is running. Specifically, RDO allows the user to define terminals, programs, and transactions interactively.

resource error counters
In OSI, counters that keep track of errors that occur in layers and other resources.

resource management
In CICS, a facility that tracks what system resources are being used. The tracking is done by mapping the CICS identification name to the underlying system resources.

resource management utility (RMU)
In AFP Utilities, an interactive tool used to maintain AFP resources.

resource name
A name assigned by the system to a line, controller, or device that is connected to the system.

resource record
In a Domain Name System (DNS), a location where data is stored.

resource security
A security function of the operating system used to authorize users to any part of the system that is required by a job or task.

resource tables
Related types of resource information that are stored within CICS in tables or control blocks.

responder
(1) In OSI Communications Subsystem, the application entity that accepts an application association. Contrast with initiator.
(2) A key server that is asked to establish a dynamic Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection between two endpoints.

response
(1) In OSI, a service primitive issued by a service user to complete the procedures associated with a confirmed service.
(2) In SDLC, a frame transmitted by a secondary station. Stations using asynchronous balanced mode send both commands and responses. Contrast with command.

response header (RH)
In SNA, a header, optionally followed by a response unit, that indicates whether the response is positive or negative and that may contain a pacing response. Contrast with request header. See also negative response and positive response.

response indicator
A 1-character field passed with an input record from the system to a program to provide information about the data record or actions taken by the work station user.

response mode
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), a mode of terminal operation that synchronizes operations between the terminal operator and the application program.

response time
In capacity planning, the elapsed time between the end of an inquiry or demand on a computer system and the beginning of the response. An example of response time is the length of time between an indication of the end of inquiry and the display of the first character of the response at a user's work station.

response unit (RU)
In SNA, the record sent to respond to a request. The response can be either positive or negative and can include control information. Contrast with request unit (RU).

restore
To copy data from compact disc, tape, diskette, optical disc, or a save file to auxiliary storage. Contrast with save.

restricted state
The status in which a user places a system (by ending all subsystems) to do a specific function, such as saving storage, saving the system, or restoring user profiles. Other jobs cannot be active on the system while it is in a restricted state.

REstructured eXtended eXecutor (REXX) language
A general-purpose programming language, particularly suitable for CL commands, or programs for personal computing. Procedures and programs written in this language can be interpreted by the REXX/400 interpreter. See also REXX/400.

RESULT
A REXX special variable that is set by the RETURN instruction in a called routine. The RESULT special variable is dropped if the called routine does not return a value.

result column
The set of columns that DB2 UDB for AS/400 SQL selects for an application program.

result field
In Query, a field that contains the results of calculations performed on numeric fields in a file.

resulting indicator
In RPG, an indicator that signals the result of a calculation, such as whether the result is plus, minus, or zero; whether a given field is greater than, less than, or equal to another field; or whether an operation was successfully completed.

result table
The set of rows that DB2 UDB for AS/400 SQL selects for an application program. The program uses a cursor to retrieve the rows one by one into a host structure or a set of host variables.

resume cursor
A pointer that tracks the current location at which the exception handler may resume processing after handling an exception.

resume point
An instruction in a program where processing continues after handling an exception.

resynchronize
In OSI, a function of the session layer that enables two peers to coordinate the exchange of data to a previously marked point. This point was marked using the major or minor synchronization service. Resynchronization will normally be performed after a problem is detected by an application entity or indicated by the session layer.

retail communications
The data communications support that allows programs on an AS/400 system to communicate with programs on point-of-sale systems, using SNA LU session type 0 protocol.

retail controller
In retail communications and Point-of-Sale Utility, a controller in a network that is used to collect data from and provide support for the point-of-sale and administrative devices within the retail system. The retail controller also provides some local data processing capabilities.

retail file conversion system
The support provided by the Point-of-Sale Utility licensed program that changes point-of-sale files to the AS/400 file format and the AS/400 files to the point-of-sale format. In addition, options are provided to create COBOL, RPG, and DDS source statements for the files created from the conversion process.

retail pass-through
An OS/400 system program that supports routing of user data between a System/370-type host processor and a retail controller using a single AS/400 system. Both the SNA upline facility and the retail communications support use separate intersystem communications function sessions.

retention
In Backup Recovery and Media Services, the total length of time that the output media is to be saved as a backup or archive copy before it is expired (available for reuse). Retention can be specified as a date, number of days, versions, or permanent. Different retention periods can be specified for full backups, incremental backups, or archive output.

retrofit
To change an existing program or system by adding or replacing a section of code or a physical unit and making necessary modifications to related units.

retry
To resend data a prescribed number of times or until the data is received correctly.

retry interval
In the OfficeVision program, the minimum amount of time the program waits before trying to send another document after a send operation fails.

return
To remove the call stack entry and transfer control back to the calling procedure or program in the previous call stack entry.

return code
For printer files, display files, and ICF files, a value sent by the system to a program to indicate the results of an operation by that program.

return indicator
An indicator to an RPG program that control should be returned to the calling program.

return value
In the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), a function result that is returned in addition to the values of any output or input/output arguments.

reverse charging
In X.25, a packet-switching data network optional facility that allows the data terminal equipment (DTE) to request that the cost of a communications session be charged to the DTE that is called. See also optional user facilities.

reverse image
Text that appears on the display in the opposite color (for example, black on green instead of green on black).

reverse-interrupt (RVI) character
The BSC transmission control character that is sent as a request from the receiving station to the sending station to stop transmitting and begin receiving a message.

reverse map
To transform an Internet Protocol (IP) address to a host name as opposed to forward-mapping, where host names are transformed into IP addresses.

reverse mapping domain
A domain that transforms Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to host names.

Revisable-Form Text:Document Content Architecture
The architectural specification for the information interchange of documents whose text is in a revisable format. A Revisable-Form Text:Document Content Architecture document consists of structured fields, controls, and graphic characters that represent the format and meaning of the document.

revisable-form text (RFT)
In the OfficeVision program, a data stream defined by document content architecture that is used to exchange unresolved documents (which cannot be directly printed or displayed) between systems. Contrast with final-form text (FFT).

revision symbol
In the OfficeVision program, a character used in the left margin to indicate that a document line is changed.

rewind
To move tape from the take-up hub to the supply hub.

REXX language
See REstructured eXtended eXecutor (REXX) language.

REXX/400
The Operating System/400 implementation of the Systems Application Architecture Procedures Language. REXX/400 is a programming language that is supported by an interpreter provided as part of the Operating System/400 licensed program. See also REstructured eXtended eXecutor (REXX) language.

REXX/400 interpreter
The language processor of the OS/400 licensed program that processes procedures and programs written in the REXX language.

RFT
See revisable-form text (RFT).

RH
(1) In SNA, a 3-byte header that precedes a request unit. The request header specifies the type of request unit and contains control information associated with that request unit.
(2) In SNA, a header, optionally followed by a response unit, that indicates whether the response is positive or negative and that may contain a pacing response. See also negative response and positive response.

right-justify
To print text with an even right margin by adding extra space throughout a line.

ring error monitor (REM)
In communications, a function of the token-ring manager that observes, collects, and analyzes recoverable and irrecoverable error reports sent by token-ring stations on a single token-ring network and assists in fault isolation and correction.

RIP
See Router Information Protocol (RIP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP).

RISC
See reduced instruction set computer (RISC).

RJE
See remote job entry (RJE).

RLE
See run-length encoding (RLE).

RLSD
See received line signal detector (RLSD).

RLU
See report layout utility (RLU).

RMI
See Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI).

RMU
See resource management utility (RMU).

RNR
See receive not ready (RNR).

robot
For media library devices, a part (carriage and picker assembly) for moving media between the cartridge storage slots and the drives.

ROECE
Regional Office Europe (Central and East).

roll back
To remove changes that were made to database files under commitment control since the last commitment boundary.

rollback
The process of restoring data changed by an application program or user to the state at its last commitment boundary (commitment point).

rollback required (RBR)
The rollback required logical unit of work (LUW) state indicates that a rollback vote was received for a prepare-for-commit request or that a failure has put the current transaction into a state where it must be rolled back. The transaction program is not allowed to perform any further changes under commitment control.

ROM
See read-only memory (ROM).

root directory
In the operating systems for personal computers, the directory on a disk or diskette that contains the list of files stored on that disk or diskette. If more than one directory is on a disk or diskette, the root directory is at the "top" of the hierarchy of directories. The root directory is created by the operating system when the disk or diskette is formatted.

root domain
Names servers that are authoritative for all of the top-level domains.

root file system
A file system that supports objects in the root (or /) directory. Access to all objects, regardless of which file system they actually reside in, starts at the root. Other file systems may be mounted over directories managed by the root file system, thus allowing all file systems to appear as a single file system tree.

root folder
The folder on the system that contains all other folders. The system-recognized identifier is *ROOT.

root group
In the Application Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed program, the first, or top, group in any project hierarchy.

root server
A name server that functions at the highest level node in the name system tree.

rotary dial
On a switched communications line, the dialing method that creates a series of pulses to identify the called station.

rotor
The rotating part of a sensor.

round-trip conversion
A conversion where the integrity of all character data is maintained from the source CCSID to the target CCSID and back to the source. The characters that are in both the target CCSID and the source CCSID are preserved. Any characters outside the target CCSID are arbitrarily assigned unique code points in the target CCSID.

route
The path that network traffic follows from its source to its destination.

route metrics
In the Internet suite of protocols, the method used by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) to choose the best Internet routes. The unit of measure is the number of hops between the origin and destination. In practice, the metric for a route is often assigned based on factors such as link transmission speed and line cost, not on the actual number of hops.

router
(1) A special purpose, dedicated computer that attaches two or more networks.
(2) A part of the Client Access licensed program that handles requests to send and receive data from applications on the personal computer and routes them to the appropriate applications on the AS/400 system.
(3) In TCP/IP, synonymous with gateway. Contrast with bridge.

Router Information Protocol (RIP)
The distance-vector routing protocol used by the Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) routers on the network to exchange routing information about the connected networks. The information is exchanged through the use of IPX. A RIP packet contains sets of network entry information.

routine
(1) A set of statements in a program that causes the system to perform an operation or a series of related operations.
(2) In REXX, a series of instructions called with the CALL instruction or as a function. A routine can be either internal or external to a user's program.

routine-name
In COBOL, a user-defined word that identifies a procedure written in a language other than COBOL.

routing
The list of users who are to receive an item when it is distributed, including all users named specifically and those users named on distribution lists by the sender.

routing data
Information stored in the job description that identifies the routing entry used by a job.

routing entry
An entry in a subsystem description that specifies the program to be called to control a routing step that runs in the subsystem.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
In the Internet suite of protocols, a protocol used to exchange intradomain routing information and to determine optimum routes between internet hosts. This protocol determines optimum routes on the basis of route metrics, not link transmission speed.

routing step
The processing that results from running a program specified in a routing entry. Most jobs have only one routing step.

routing table
(1) In DataPropagator Relational, a table at the copy server that points to the control server for this instance of the apply program.
(2) In SNADS, a list of entries in a table that the system uses to route a message or electronic mail to a user on the system. Each entry is made up of a destination group name (such as a department or organization) and a destination element name (the user ID of each person in that department or organization).
(3) In a point-to-point profile, a collection of path information through which hosts or networks can communicate with other hosts and networks.

row
In SQL, the horizontal part of a table. A row consists of a sequence of values, one for each column of the table.

RPC
See Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

RPC control program
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), an interactive administrative facility for managing name service entries and endpoint maps for RPC applications.

RPCD
See RPC daemon (RPCD).

RPC daemon (RPCD)
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), the process that provides the endpoint map service for a system. See also endpoint map and endpoint map service.

RPC interface
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a logical group of operations, data types, and constant declarations that serves as a network contract for a client to request a procedure in a server. See also interface definition and operation.

RPC protocol
A DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC)-specific communications protocol that supports the semantics of the DCE RPC API and runs over either connectionless of connection-oriented communications protocols.

RPC protocol sequence
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a valid combination of communications protocols represented by a character string. Each RPC protocol sequence typically includes three protocols: a network protocol, a transport protocol, and an RPC protocol that works with the network and transport protocols. See network protocol, RPC protocol, and transport protocol. Synonymous with protocol sequence.

RPC runtime
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a set of operations that manages communications, provides access to the name service database, and performs other tasks, such as managing servers and accessing security applications for RPC applications. See RPC runtime library.

RPC runtime library
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a group of routines of the RPC runtime that support the RPC applications on a system. The runtime library provides a public interface to application programmers, the application program interface (API), and a private interface to stubs, the stub program interface (SPI). See RPC runtime.

RPC thread
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a logical thread within which a remote procedure call is run. See thread.

RPDS
See VM/MVS bridge.

RPG
A programming language designed for writing application programs for business data processing requirements. The application programs range from report writing and inquiry programs to applications, such as payroll, order entry, and production planning. See also Integrated Language Environment RPG (ILE RPG).

RPG/400
See Integrated Language Environment RPG (ILE RPG).

RPM
See Remote PrintManager (RPM).

RPQ
See Request for Price Quotation (RPQ).

RR
See receive ready (RR).

RSCS/PROFS bridge
See VM/MVS bridge.

RSCS/PROFS distribution services (RPDS)
See VM/MVS bridge.

RSHUTD
In SNA, a command used to request an orderly end to a session.

RST
See reset (RST).

RS-310
An Electronic Industries Association standard for designing racks to hold data processing equipment.

RTAM
See remote terminal access method (RTAM).

RTS
See reliable transfer server (RTS).

RU
(1) In SNA, the record sent to respond to a request. The response can be either positive or negative and can include control information.
(2) In SNA, the record transmitted to the other system. This record can contain a request, data, or both.

RU chain
In SNA, a set of related request or response units that are transmitted consecutively on a particular normal or expedited data flow. See also bracket.

rule
A procedure that defines how Internet Protocol (IP) packet security should handle packets. Rules in IP packet security pertain to hidden addresses, mapped addresses, and filters.

rules file
A file that contains rules and definitions that pertain to those rules.

RUMBA/400
An optionally installable component of Client Access, based on the Microsoft Windows program, that provides 5250 display emulation and 5225 printer emulation.

rundown procedure
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a procedure used with a context handle that is called after a communications failure. It recovers resources reserved by a server for servicing requests by a particular client. See context handle.

run-length encoding (RLE)
A technique for compressing data that avoids repeatedly having to code data elements of the same value; instead, the value is coded once, along with the number of times for it to be repeated.

running heading
In the OfficeVision program, a column heading that is repeated on following pages if the column continues on more than one page.

run time
The time during which the instructions of a computer program are run by a processing unit.

run-time array
In RPG, an array that is loaded or created by input or calculation specifications after the program starts to run. Contrast with compile-time array and prerun-time array.

run-time defaults
In query management, all of the formatting elements of a formatted report that were not explicitly specified in the form.

run-time environment
In the C language, a logical grouping of one or more program objects that must be connected at application run time to do some task.

runtime semantics
In DCE Remote Procedure Call (RPC), the rules of run time for a remote procedure call, including the effect of multiple calls on the outcome of a procedure's operation. See at-most-once semantics, broadcast semantics, and maybe semantics.

run-time table
In RPG, a table that is loaded or created by input or calculation specifications after the program starts to run. Contrast with compile-time table and prerun-time table.

run unit
In COBOL, a set of one or more programs that run as a set to solve a problem. A set starts with the first COBOL program in the call stack and includes all programs (COBOL) (non-COBOL) that are below it in the call stack.

RUOW
See remote unit of work (RUOW).

RVI
See reverse-interrupt (RVI) character.


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