In SNA, a technique by
which the receiving system controls the rate of transmission of the sending
system to prevent overrun.
package
(1) In DCE X/Open Object
Management (XOM), a specified group of related object management (OM) classes,
denoted by an object identifier.
(2) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, the
object containing the control structures used to run SQL statements on an
application server.
(3) In VisualAge RPG, a function
that allows an application programmer to collect all the parts of an
application together for distribution.
(4) In Java, a group of
types. Packages are declared with the package
keyword.
package closure
In DCE X/Open
Object Management (XOM), the set of classes that need to be supported to
create all possible instances of all classes defined in the
package.
packaging products
(1) In System
Manager, the process of converting objects to AS/400 products.
(2) In System Manager,
the process of combining packaging objects with application objects, such as
programs and files, to form a
product.
packed decimal format
Representation
of a decimal value in which each byte within a field represents two numeric
digits except the far right byte, which contains one digit in bits 0 through 3
and the sign in bits 4 through 7. For all other bytes, bits 0 through 3
represent one digit; bits 4 through 7 represent one digit. For
example, the decimal value +123 is represented as 0001 0010 0011 1111.
Contrast with zoned decimal
format.
packed decimal item
In COBOL, a
numeric data item that is represented internally in packed decimal
format.
packed field
A field that
contains data in the packed decimal format.
packed key
A key field in packed
decimal format.
packet
(1) In data communications, a
sequence of binary digits, including data and control signals, that is
transmitted and switched as a composite whole. (I)
(2) For TCP/IP, the unit of data
passed across the interface between the internet layer and the link
layer. A packet includes an IP header and data. A packet can be
a complete IP datagram or a fragment of an IP datagram. See also
datagram and segment.
(3) In X.25, a data
transmission information unit. A group of data and control characters,
transferred as a unit, determined by the process of transmission.
Commonly used data field lengths in packets are 128 or 256 bytes.
(4) The field structure and format
defined in the CCITT X.25 Recommendation.
(5) A datagram that includes
information about the line protocol, such as Ethernet, token-ring, or
frame-relay.
packet assembler/disassembler (PAD)
A
functional unit that enables data terminal equipment (DTE) not equipped for
packet switching to use a packet-switched
network.
packet internet groper (PING)
In
Internet communications, a program used in TCP/IP networks to test the ability
to reach destinations by sending the destinations an Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP) echo request and waiting for a
reply.
packet level
A part of
X.25 communications that defines the protocol for building logical
connections between two DTEs and for moving data on these
connections.
packet-mode host
Any non-SNA,
X.25 host system.
packet-switched network
See
packet-switching data network
(PSDN).
packet switching
The act of
sending and routing packets from source to destination based on information
contained in their heading
record.
packet-switching data network (PSDN)
A
communications network that uses packets to send
data.
packet window
A specified number
of packets that can be sent by the DTE before it receives an acknowledgement
from the receiving station.
pad
To
fill unused positions in a field with dummy data, usually zeros or
blanks. See also packet assembler/disassembler
(PAD).
PAD
See packet
assembler/disassembler (PAD).
padding character
In COBOL, an
alphanumeric character used to fill the unused character positions in a
physical record.
PAG
See process access group
(PAG).
page
(1) In complex instruction set
computer (CISC) systems, a unit of storage equal to 512 bytes. A page
can be moved between auxiliary storage and main storage.
(2) In reduced instruction set computer
(RISC) systems, a unit of storage equal to 4096 bytes. A page can be
moved between auxiliary storage and main storage.
(3) Each group of records in a subfile
that are displayed at the same time.
(4) One printer form.
(5) In the GDDM function, the picture
or chart. All specified graphics are added to the current page.
An output statement always sends the current page to the device.
(6) To move information up or down on
the display.
page body
In COBOL, that part of
the logical page in which lines can be written, spaced, or
both.
page definition
An AFP resource
that contains the formatting controls for line data. A page definition
can include controls for the number of lines per logical page, font selection,
print direction, and mapping individual fields to positions on the logical
page. The system-recognized identifier for the object type is
*PAGDFN.
page down
To move to the
information below the information currently shown on the display.
Contrast with page up.
page fault
An exception that
occurs when a program refers to data or programs that are marked as not in
main storage.
page format
In the OfficeVision
program, the defined arrangement of lines on a page. Compare with
line format.
page frame
A 512-byte block of
main storage on a 512-byte boundary.
page-in
The process of moving a
page from auxiliary storage to main storage.
page layout
In AFP Utilities, a
printout format of a page in the printout format definition (PFD). By
using the print format utility, the user can design the page layout by placing
and repeating a predefined record layout with constant data. See also
record layout.
page-out
The process of moving a
page from main storage to auxiliary storage.
page printer
In AFP support, any
of a class of printers that accepts composed pages, constructed of composed
text and images, among other things. Contrast with line
printer.
page segment
An AFP resource
object that can contain text and images and can be positioned on any
addressable point on a page or an electronic overlay. The
system-recognized identifier for the object type is
*PAGSEG.
pages per side
See multiple
up.
page up
To move to the
information above the information currently shown on the display.
Contrast with page down.
paginate
In the OfficeVision
program, to adjust text within margins and page
boundaries.
paging
To move a page of data
between main and auxiliary storage.
paging behavior
In capacity
planning, the paging characteristics for the transaction. Examples of
paging characteristics defined by BEST/1 are *GENERIC, *OFFICE, *RAMPC, and
*SQLRTW. Users can define paging characteristics for any
transaction.
paging coefficient
In capacity
planning, a number that indicates the amount of paging performed by a
transaction in a workload. The higher the number, the more page faults
generated. This number is not the number of page faults, but a
representation of the total amount of
paging.
paging exponent
In capacity
planning, a value used to determine the effects of pool size changes.
The greater the paging exponent, the greater the change to synchronous reads
(page faults) as memory size changes.
paired data
In Business Graphics
Utility and the GDDM function, data that is specified so that every X value
has only one Y value associated with it. See also data
group. Contrast with nonpaired
data.
panel
In UIM, a visual
presentation of data on the screen.
panel assembly
The hardware parts
making up the operator panel, control panel, or indicator
panels.
Panel Definition Markup Language (PDML)
A tag language that
defines a language for describing user interface elements and layouts.
PDML is based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML). PDML files are
used with the Graphical Toolbox components within the AS/400 Toolbox for Java
to simplify the construction of user interfaces within Java. You can
use PDML and the Graphical Toolbox components to build and run Java
applications on any Java compliant platform.
panel format
In query management,
the format of the data in an externalized query or procedure
file.
panel group
An object that
contains a collection of any of the following: display formats, print
formats, or help information. The system-recognized identifier for the
object type is *PNLGRP.
PAP
See Password
Authentication Protocol (PAP).
paragraph
In the Procedure
Division of a COBOL program, a name followed by a period and a space and by
zero, one, or more sentences. In the Identification and Environment
Divisions, a header followed by zero, one, or more
statements.
paragraph header
In COBOL, a
reserved word, followed by a period and a space that indicates the beginning
of a paragraph in the Identification and Environment
Divisions.
paragraph name
In COBOL, a
user-defined word that identifies and begins a paragraph in the Procedure
Division.
paragraphs document
In the
OfficeVision program, a document that contains a paragraph or paragraphs that
can be combined to create other
documents.
parallel sessions
Two or more
concurrently active sessions between the same two network addressable units
using different pairs of network addresses or local-form session
identifiers. Each session can have independent session
parameters.
parameter
(1) A value supplied to a
command or program that is used either as input or to control the actions of
the command or program.
(2) In COBOL, a variable or a
constant that is used to pass values between calling and called
programs.
(3) In the Integrated Language
Environment (ILE), an identifier that defines the types of arguments that are
passed to a called procedure.
(4) In REXX, information entered
with a command name to define the data on which a command processor operates
and to control the execution of the command.
(5) In DB2 UDB for AS/400 SQL, the
keywords and values that further define SQL precompiler commands and SQL
statements. See also keyword.
parameter list
A list of values
that provide a means of associating addressability of data defined in a called
program with data in the calling program. It contains parameter names
and the order in which they are to be associated in the calling and called
program.
parameter marker
In DB2 UDB for
AS/400, a question mark (?) that appears in a statement string of a dynamic
SQL statement where a host variable could appear if the statement string were
a static SQL statement.
parent class
A class from which
another class inherits instance methods, attributes, and instance
variables. Also known as base class or
superclass.
parent directory
(1) The directory
one level above the current directory. An object's parent
directory is the directory that contains the names and controlling information
for the object. If the object is named in more than one directory, it
has multiple parent directories.
(2) In DCE Cell Directory
Service (CDS), any directory that has one or more levels of directories
beneath it in a cell namespace. A directory is the parent of any
directory immediately beneath it in the
hierarchy.
parent file
The file in a
constraint relationship that contains the parent or primary
key.
parent group
In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, the group directly above another group in a branch of the project
hierarchy.
parent key
(1) A field or set of
fields in a database file that must be unique, ascending, and may or may not
contain null values. The parent key may be the same as the primary or
unique key.
(2) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, a
primary key or unique key of a referential constraint.
parent process
A process that is
created to carry out a request or set of requests. The parent process,
in turn, can create child processes to process requests for the parent.
Contrast with child process.
parent row
In DB2 UDB for AS/400,
a row that has at least one dependent row.
parent table
In DB2 UDB for
AS/400, a table that is a parent in at least one referential
constraint. A table can be defined as a parent in an arbitrary number
of referential constraints.
parent window
In some operating
systems, the window that controls the size and locations of its
children. If a window has children, it is a parent
window.
parity
The state of being either
even-numbered or odd-numbered. A parity bit is a binary number added to
a group of binary numbers to make the sum of that group either always odd (odd
parity) or always even (even parity).
parity bit
A binary digit added
to a group of binary digits to make the sum of all the digits, including the
added binary digit, either odd or even as
preestablished. (T)
parse
In REXX, to split a string
into parts. This can be done by function calls or by using a parsing
template on the ARG, PARSE, or PULL instruction.
part
(1) In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, an object or source member that is a component of an
application. Parts are organized into a collection of groups, which
then forms a project hierarchy.
(2) In VisualAge RPG, a self-contained
software object consisting of a set of external features that allow the part
to interact with other parts. The parts on the VRPG palette can be used
a templates to create controls.
partially bound binding handle
In DCE
Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a server binding handle that contains an
incomplete server address lacking an endpoint. Contrast with fully
bound binding handle.
partition
(1) A fixed-size of
storage.
(2) On an IBM personal computer
hard disk, one of four possible storage areas of variable size; one may
be accessed by DOS and each of the others may be assigned to another operating
system.
(3) A subset of the active cluster
nodes that result from a network failure. Members of a partition
maintain connectivity with each other.
partitioned data set (PDS)
In the
Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), a data set in direct access storage
that is divided into partitions, called members, each of which can contain a
program, part of a program, or data.
partner logical unit
In SNA, the
remote system in a session.
parts catalog
In VisualAge RPG, a
collection of parts defined by the user. Parts in the catalog can be
moved to and from the parts palette.
parts palette
In VisualAge RPG, a
collection of views and models used in building additional parts for an
application. Application programmers can add parts to the palette for
use in defining applications or other parts.
party
In telephony, an
addressable end point of a telephone call. See also virtual
party.
PASA
See program automatic
storage area (PASA).
passive attack
In computer
security, an assault on a network that is difficult to detect and involves an
intruder who taps into or traces communications. Sniffing is
an example of a passive attack.
passive open
In TCP/IP, the state
of a connection that is prepared to provide a service on
demand.
pass-through
See display
station pass-through.
password
A unique string of
characters known to a computer system and to a user. The user must
specify the character string to gain access to a system and to the information
stored within it.
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)
The most
basic HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) authentication in which a user's
name and password are transmitted over a network and compared to a table of
name-password pairs.
password protection
In APPC, the
support that uses protected passwords to keep user passwords secure.
The LU type 6.2 architecture refers to password protection as password
substitution. See protected
password.
patch cable
A signal cable that
connects network products together and to the IBM Cabling
System.
path
(1) In a network, any route
between any two nodes. (T)
(2) The route that an operating system
follows to locate a file. The path consists of all the directories that
must be opened to get to a particular file. On AS/400, the directory
names can be separated either with a slash (/) or a backslash (\).
Component names in the QSYS.LIB file system must be of the form
name.object-type. For example,
'/QSYS.LIB/PAY.LIB/TAX.FILE'.
(3) In OSI Communications
Subsystem/400, a description of how a local line or line set can be used for
outbound communications. See also CLNS path and CONS
path.
(4) In SNA, the set of data links, data
link control layers, and path control layers that a path information unit
travels through when sent from the transmission control layer of one
half-session to the transmission control layer of another
half-session.
path assignment
In OSI, the
permanent assignment of a DTE at an adjacent node to a path. This
restricts the path to particular lines to be used for connections to or
through that adjacent node.
path code page
A list of the path
name components of the files that are exported to and mounted on a specified
Network File System (NFS) client or
netgroup.
path control layer
In SNA, the
layer that routes all messages to data links and
half-sessions.
path control network
In SNA, the
part of the network that includes the data link control and path control
layers.
path information unit (PIU)
In SNA, the
smallest amount of data that the system sends out on a communications line,
consisting of a transmission header followed by a basic information unit or a
basic information unit segment.
path name
(1) A string of characters
used to refer to an object. The string can consist of one or more
elements, each separated by a slash (/), and may begin with a slash.
Each element is typically a directory or equivalent, except for the last
element, which can be a directory or another object such as a file.
(2) A sequence of directory names
followed by a file name, each separated by a slash.
(3) In a hierarchical file system
(HFS), the name used to refer to a file or directory. The path name
must start with a slash (/) and consist of elements separated by a
slash. The first element must be the name of a registered file
system. All remaining elements must be the name of a directory, except
the last element, which can be the name of a directory or file.
Synonymous with pathname. See also absolute path name and
relative path name.
(4) The name of an object in the
integrated file system. Protected objects have one or more path
names.
pathname
Synonym for path
name.
path set
In OSI, a set of paths
grouped by the similarity of their requirements. OSI Communications
Subsystem requires that each line be assigned to a line set. If the
line is to be used for outbound communications, then its associated line set
must be assigned to a path set. A line that is not assigned to a path
set (through a line set) can be used only for inbound
communications.
path set sequencing
In OSI, the
process of defining the sequence in which lines are to be selected for
outbound connections.
pattern
In REXX, the parts of a
parsing template that allow a string to be split by the explicit matching of
strings (literal patterns) or by the specification of numeric positions
(positional patterns). Parentheses may be supplied to create a variable
pattern, a pattern whose value is derived from a
variable.
pattern-matching character
A special
character such as an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?) that can be used to
represent one or more characters. Any character or set of characters
can replace a patter-matching character. Synonymous with wildcard
character.
pawl
(1) A pivoted tongue or sliding
bolt adapted to fall into notches on a machine to permit motion in only one
direction.
(2) The tongue of a
ratchet.
PBX
See private branch
exchange (PBX).
PCC
See power control
compartment (PCC).
PC file
A file stored on a
personal computer.
PCI
See Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI).
PC-mixed character set
A
character set that contains a mixture of single-byte character set (SBCS) PC
code pages and double-byte character set (DBCS) PC code
pages.
PCML
See Program Call Markup
Language (PCML).
PC session
An operating session
that uses DOS or OS/2 programs and other IBM programs on a personal computer
attached as a 5250 work station to an AS/400 system.
PCT
See program control
table (PCT).
PCTA
See PC text-assist
function (PCTA).
PC text-assist function (PCTA)
A word
processing function, available when both the OfficeVision and Client Access
programs are installed, that takes advantage of the capabilities of the
personal computer.
PDM
See programming
development manager (PDM).
PDML
See Panel Definition
Markup Language (PDML).
PDN
See public data network
(PDN).
PDS
See partitioned data set
(PDS).
PDU
See protocol data unit
(PDU).
PDV
See presentation data
value (PDV).
PDV report
In OSI, an output file
produced by the Abstract Syntax Checker that shows the names of the PDVs in
the input module and the data structures that comprise
them.
peer
A general term for the
corresponding node or entity with which one
communicates.
peer application entity
In OSI,
the corresponding application entity with which a local application entity
communicates.
peer entity
In OSI, an entity
within the same layer.
peer-to-peer networking
See
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking
(APPN).
peer trust
In the Distributed
Computing Environment (DCE), a type of trust relationship established between
two cells by means of a secret key shared by authentication surrogates
maintained by the two cells. A peer trust relationship enables
principals in one cell to communicate securely with principals in
another.
pel
See picture element
(pixel).
pending
Pertaining to a request
that was submitted and that is awaiting
processing.
pending operations window
In the
OfficeVision program, a field in the status line that displays the name of any
operation that is not completed.
PEP
See program entry
procedure (PEP).
percolate
In the Integrated
Language Environment (ILE) model, to decline to handle an exception.
The unchanged exception is passed on to the next exception
handler.
performance
That part of the
system that is evident in elapsed time. Performance is largely
determined by three factors: throughput, response time, and
availability.
performance data
Information
about the operation of a system or a network of systems that can be used to
understand response times and throughputs and to predict the effects of
certain system operational changes or programming
changes.
performance management
In System
Manager, the discipline that encompasses capacity planning, collecting
performance data, and tuning
resources.
Performance Management/400 (PM/400)
A licensed
program that provides automated collection of performance data, it reduces the
data daily, and it manages the amount of storage that is used by the collected
data.
performance monitor
A function of
the operating system that observes system and device activity, and records
these observations in a database file.
Performance Tools
The IBM
licensed program that allows a user to reduce and analyze performance data and
perform capacity planning.
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
A computer
bussing architecture that defines electrical and physical standards for
electronic interconnection.
peripheral node
In SNA, a
location that uses local addresses for routing and, therefore, is not affected
by changes in network addresses. A peripheral node requires boundary
function assistance from an adjacent subarea node. See also
subarea node.
permanent error
(1) In OSI, an
error--for example, a hardware component failure--that can be
corrected only by external intervention. Contrast with transient
error.
(2) In the token-ring
network manager, an error--for example, a hardware component
failure--that can be corrected only by external
intervention.
permanent event
In OSI, an event
that indicates the occurrence of an irrecoverable error--one that makes a
resource unavailable or causes OSI Communications Subsystem to stop.
Permanent events are logged and generate a message to the operator.
Contrast with transient
event.
permanently maintained path
In OSI, a
CLNS path to an adjacent node that is maintained until OSI Communications
Subsystem is restarted. See also CLNS path
maintenance.
permanent objects
Objects, such
as database files or programs, that stay in the system until a user with the
required authority deletes them.
permanent virtual circuit (PVC)
A virtual
circuit that has a logical channel permanently assigned to it at each data
terminal equipment (DTE). A call establishment protocol is not
required. The permanent virtual circuit establishes the identity of the
called party within the network services contract. Contrast with
switched virtual circuit (SVC).
permission
(1) In the Distributed
Computing Environment (DCE), the modes of access to a protected object.
The number and meaning of permissions with respect to an object are defined by
the access control list (ACL) Manager of the object. Synonymous with
access right. See also access control
list.
(2) In OfficeVision functions,
authority given by one user to allow designated other users to access objects
for which the first user has access, with the exception of objects marked
private. The designated other users are working on behalf of the first
user.
permissions
A set of authorities
possessed by a process. The authorities are based on the effective user
ID and effective group ID of the process. See also user
identification number (UID) and group identification number
(GID).
persist
To be maintained across
session boundaries, usually in nonvolatile storage such as a database system
or a directory.
persistence
A characteristic of
data that is maintained across session boundaries, usually in nonvolatile
storage such as a database system or a directory.
persistent
Pertaining to data
that is maintained across session boundaries, usually in nonvolatile storage
such as a database system or a directory.
persistent message
In MQSeries, a
message that survives a restart of the queue
manager.
persistent object
An object whose
state can be preserved beyond the ending of the process that created
it. Typically, persistent objects are stored in
files.
personal
In the OfficeVision
program, the information in a distribution that is sent to the recipient as an
individual rather than to the recipient in the recipient's employment
role; for example, a note to someone about lunch. On-behalf-of
users may see the content.
personal directory
In the
OfficeVision program, a user-defined directory. For example, a personal
directory can be a distribution list, telephone directory, or inventory
report.
personal identification number (PIN)
In
Cryptographic Support, a unique number assigned by an organization to an
individual and used as proof of identity. PINs are commonly assigned by
financial institutions to their customers.
personal mail
In OfficeVision, a
mail item with a nonbusiness purpose, such as a note inviting someone to
lunch. Users that are authorized to work with another user's mail
may see the content of personal mail. Before sending a mail item, the
sender can assign it a sensitivity level of personal. See also
sensitivity.
personal settings
A choice that
allows a user to display or change the characteristics or properties of an
object. For example, a user can customize the interface by specifying
how the menu bar, status area, and information area are
displayed.
PFD
See printout format
definition (PFD).
PF key
See programmed
function (PF) key.
PFU
See print format utility
(PFU).
PGR
See presentation
graphics routines (PGR).
phantom row
In DB2 UDB for
AS/400, a table row that can be read by application processes running with any
isolation level except repeatable read. When an application process
issues the same query multiple times, phantom rows can appear between queries
because of data being inserted and committed by application processes that are
running concurrently.
phase encoding
(1) Pertaining to a
method of recording data on magnetic tape.
(2) Pertaining to a magnetic
recording method in which each storage cell is divided into two regions that
are magnetized in opposite directions; the sequence of the magnetic
direction indicates whether the binary character represented is 0 or
1.
Phase I negotiation
A negotiation
that establishes the protection suite for the Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
messages themselves. A Phase I negotiation determines how to protect a
Phase II negotiation. A Phase I negotiation is governed by key
policies.
Phase II negotiation
A
negotiation that establishes Security Associations (SAs) that protect your
data exchanges. A Phase II negotiation is governed by data
policies.
phonetic
Relating to spoken
language or speech sounds.
phrase
(1) One or more words that
together form a unit that is to be searched for in the content of a
document.
(2) An ordered set of one or more
consecutive COBOL character strings that forms part of a clause or a Procedure
Division statement.
physical circuit
A circuit
established without multiplexing. Contrast with virtual circuit
(VC).
physical disk I/O
In Performance
Tools, a disk operation for reading or writing
data.
physical file
A description of
how data is to be presented to or received from a program and how data is
actually stored in the database. A physical file contains one record
format and one or more members. See also database
file. Contrast with logical
file.
physical file member
A named
subset of the data records in a physical file. See also
member.
physical interface
A device for a
given system, such as an I/O adapter for a token-ring network or an Ethernet
network, that provides the physical connection to a
network.
physical layer
The OSI layer that
provides the mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural means to
start, maintain, and deactivate physical connections for transmissions between
data-link entities.
physical level
In X.25, a
standard that defines the electrical, physical, functional, and procedural
methods used to control the physical connection between the data terminal
equipment (DTE) and the data circuit-terminating equipment
(DCE).
physical page
In COBOL, a
device-dependent concept defined by the action taken by a printer when a new
page is requested.
physical resource
In OSI, any
resource of a computer available to do work, such as the processor, main
storage, or a line. Contrast with logical
resource.
physical services header (PSH)
An
X.25 protocol used by IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) data
terminal equipment (DTE). Physical services header provides address
services for physically connected systems or devices. The AS/400 system
does not support PSH. Contrast with enhanced logical link control
(ELLC) and qualified logical link control
(QLLC).
physical unit (PU)
In SNA, one of
three types of network addressable units. A physical unit exists in
each node of an SNA network to manage and monitor the resources (such as
attached links and adjacent link stations) of a node, as requested by a system
services control point logical unit (SSCP-LU)
session.
physical unit type
In SNA, the
classification of a physical unit according to the type of node in which it
resides. The physical unit type is the same as its node type; that
is, a type 1 physical unit resides in a type 1 node, and so
on.
pica
In AFP support, a unit of
about 1/6 inch used in measuring typographical
material.
PICS
See Platform for
Internet Content Selection (PICS).
picture element (pixel)
In computer
graphics, the smallest element of a display area, such as a dot, that can be
independently assigned color and intensity.
(T)
picture space
In the GDDM
function, the area of the page that contains the
graphics.
pin
Part of an electrical
connection.
PIN
See personal
identification number (PIN).
PIN check length
In Cryptographic
Support, the number of digits from the personal identification number that are
verified.
ping
(1) In MQSeries distributed
queue management, a diagnostic aid that uses the exchange of a test message to
confirm that a message channel is functioning.
(2) A utility in TCP/IP Utilities that
is used to test whether a destination host can be reached by sending test
packets and waiting for a reply.
(3) See also packet internet
groper (PING).
ping command
The command that
sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo-request packet to a
gateway, router, or host with the expectation of receiving a
reply.
PIN translation
In Cryptographic
Support, the conversion of a personal identification number (PIN) encrypted
under an input PIN-protection key to encryption under an output PIN-protection
key.
PIN-validation key
In
Cryptographic Support, a key-encrypting key used to encrypt the validation
data in the process of creating a customer's personal identification
number (PIN).
PIP
See problem isolation
procedure (PIP), program initialization parameters (PIP), or
prepare in progress (PIP).
PIP data area
A 2000-byte data
area that is associated with each prestart job. The PIP data area is
used to hold program initialization parameters that are passed on the program
start request to the prestart job.
pipe
In DCE Remote Procedure Call
(RPC), a mechanism for passing large amounts of data in a remote procedure
call. Pipe also refers to the data structure that represents this
mechanism.
pitch
The number of characters
printed per inch.
PIU
See path information
unit (PIU).
placeholder
(1) In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, information about a part at the target group that indicates to which
group a part can be promoted. Placeholders are created automatically
when new parts are created.
(2) The symbol, consisting of a
single period in a REXX parsing template, that can be replaced by a value
while running a REXX program. A placeholder has the same effect as a
variable name, except that no variable is
set.
place operation
In AFP Utilities,
an operation that defines a page segment or a record layout in an AFP
resource.
plaintext
(1) In Cryptographic
Support, data that can be read without decoding. Contrast with
ciphertext.
(2) In the Distributed Computing
Environment (DCE), the input to or the output of an encryption
function. Encryption transforms plaintext to ciphertext and decryption
transforms ciphertext into plaintext.
plan
See access
plan.
planar
A hardware part that has
(in one or more planes) logic paths, low-voltage distribution paths, or
grounding paths of a section of a machine.
platform
The operating system
environment in which a program runs.
Platform for Internet Content Selection (PICS)
A specification
that enables Internet users to filter the material they encounter when they
surf the Web. Users can accept or reject the material according to its
ratings. This specification enables parents, businesses, schools, or
discerning individuals to block access to inappropriate and objectionable
material.
playback
A technique in which a
history of all or part of a program is recorded. The recording allows
the user to regenerate the input and output in either the forward or backward
direction. This technique is used in
debugging.
playback sequence
A series of
characters or function keys assigned to a single function key to be used
instead of typing the sequence each time.
plenum
A space used for
environmental air; for example, the space above a suspended
ceiling.
plenum cable
A cable that is
listed by the Underwriters Laboratory (UL) as having adequate fire resistance
and low smoke-producing characteristics for installation without conduit in
ducts, plenums, and other spaces used for environmental air, as permitted by
National Electrical Code Articles 725-2(b) and
800-3(d).
PL/I
A programming language
designed for use in a wide range of commercial and scientific computer
applications.
plot
In the GDDM function, to
represent graphically on paper using a plotting
device.
plotter
In Business Graphics
Utility, a device for drawing a chart on paper or
transparencies.
PLU
See primary logical unit
(PLU).
Plug and Play (PnP)
An Intel standard
for the design of PC expansion boards. It enables computers to
recognize new peripheral devices without additional configuration
steps. The model 2890 Integrated Netfinity Server has a Plug-and-Play
interface.
plug-in
A separately installable
component of AS/400 Operations Navigator. A plug-in adds folders and
objects to the hierarchy tree, choices to Operations Navigator menus, and
property pages to the property sheet for a folder or object.
plug-in support
A part of AS/400
that adds client/server function and tools to the AS/400 Operations Navigator
tree and enhances existing Operations Navigator function.
ply
A
layer of paper.
PM/400
See Performance
Management/400 (PM/400).
PnP
See Plug and Play
(PnP).
POE
See Proof of Entitlement
(POE).
point
(1) The second byte of a DBCS
code, which uniquely identifies double-byte characters in the same
ward. Contrast with ward.
(2) In AFP support, a unit of
measurement used mainly for describing type sizes. Each pica has 12
points, and an inch has approximately 72 points.
pointer
(1) In the C language, a
variable that holds the address of a data object or a function.
(2) The symbol shown on a display or
window that a user can move with a pointing device, such as a
mouse.
pointer alignment
The COBOL
compiler's process of positioning pointer items within a group item to
offsets that are multiples of 16 bytes from the beginning of the
record.
pointer data item
In the COBOL
program, a data item in which address values can be stored. Pointer
data items can be compared for equality or moved to other pointer data
items.
pointing device
An instrument,
such as a mouse, used to move a pointer on the
display.
point-in-time table
In
DataPropagator Relational, a target table whose content matches all of part of
a source table at a given point in
time.
point-of-presence
A system that
has been identified as a contact point for another subnetwork for the purposes
of collecting topology information.
point-of-sale
In retail
communications and Point-of-Sale Utility, pertaining to a method of providing
information to support sales and of collecting the resulting sales information
from retail devices located in
stores.
point-of-sale device
In retail
communications and Point-of-Sale Utility, a device that, together with the
store controller, provides retail transaction, data collection, credit
authorization, price information, and other inquiry and data entry
functions.
point-of-sale system
In retail
communications and Point-of-Sale Utility, a retail environment system
consisting of a store controller and one or more point-of-sale
devices.
Point-of-Sale Utility
The IBM
licensed program that provides connectivity between the AS/400 system and
retail controllers. In addition, the licensed program provides file
conversion capabilities through the retail file conversion
system.
point-to-point
Pertaining to data
transmission between two locations without the use of any intermediate display
station or computer.
point-to-point line
A
communications line that connects a single remote station to a
computer. Contrast with multipoint
line.
point-to-point link
A connection that uses
the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).
point-to-point profile
A set of data that is
used to establish a point-to-point link.
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
In the Internet suite
of protocols, a method of connecting a computer to the Internet.
Point-to-Point Protocol provides host-to-network and router-to-router
connections.
policy
In the Backup Recovery and
Media Services licensed program, a named or otherwise identifiable set of
controls used by Backup Recovery and Media Services to manage and control
specific operations. A policy is an overriding value that is carried in
tables for use as a default in processing backup, recovery, archive, and media
management operations.
poll
(1) To determine if any remote
device on a communications line is ready to send data.
(2) In Managed System Services, to
query devices to determine operational status and to collect system
data.
polling
(1) The process whereby
stations are invited, one at a time, to transmit.
(2) The process whereby a
controlling station contacts the attached devices to avoid contention, to
determine operational status, or to determine readiness to send or receive
data.
polling interval
The time between
the start of each polling session for this system. See also global
policy and specific policy.
polling list
A list of addresses
that the host system uses to control the polling of control units or devices
on a BSC or SDLC multipoint line. A general polling list contains the
addresses of the control units only; a specific polling list contains the
addresses of the devices, which include the addresses of the control
units.
polyfillet
In the GDDM function,
a curve based on a sequence of lines. A polyfillet is a curved line
that is tangent to the end points of the first and last lines and tangent to
the midpoints of all other lines. See also
fillet.
polygon
In the GDDM function, a
sequence of adjoining straight lines that enclose an
area.
polyline
In the GDDM function, a
sequence of adjoining lines.
polymorphism
An object-oriented
programming characteristic that allows a method to different things depending
on the class that implements it. Polymorphism allows a subclass to
override an inherited method without affecting the parent class's
method. Polymorphism also enables a client to access two or more
implementations of an object from a single
interface.
pool
A division of main or
auxiliary storage. See also base pool and storage
pool.
pool database faults
In
Performance Tools, the total number of interruptions to jobs that were
required to transfer data into the pool to permit the program to process the
database data.
pool database pages
In
Performance Tools, the total number of pages of database data transferred from
auxiliary storage to the pool to permit the program to
run.
pool nondatabase faults
In
Performance Tools, the total number of interruptions to jobs (not necessarily
assigned to this pool) that were required to transfer data into the pool to
permit the machine interface instruction to access the nondatabase
data.
pool nondatabase pages
In
Performance Tools, the total number of pages of nondatabase data transferred
from auxiliary storage to the pool to permit the program to
run.
POP
See Post Office
Protocol (POP).
pop
To
remove an item from the top of a pushdown list. Contrast with
push.
pop-up menu
A menu that, when
requested, appears next to the object it is associated with. A pop-up
menu contains choices appropriate for the object in its current
context.
pop-up window
A movable window,
fixed in size, in which a user provides information required by an application
so that it can continue to process a user request. Synonymous with
secondary window.
port
(1) System hardware where the
I/O devices are attached.
(2) An access point (for example, a
logical unit) for data entry or exit.
(3) A functional unit of a node through
which data can enter or leave a data network.
(4) In data communications, that part
of a data processor that is dedicated to a single data channel for the purpose
of receiving data from or transmitting data to one or more external, remote
devices.
(5) In the Internet suite of protocols,
a 16-bit number that is used to communicate between TCP or the User Datagram
Protocol (UDP) and a higher-level protocol or application. Some
protocols, such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol (SMTP), use the same well-known port number in all TCP/IP
implementations.
(6) An individual user exit point in
the mail server framework, for example, QIBM_QZMFMSF_LST_EXP and
QIBM_QZMFMSF_ADR_RSL. It is from these ports that snap-in programs are
called.
(7) Synonymous with
socket.
(8) An end point for communication
between applications, generally referring to a logical connection. A
port provides queues for sending and receiving data. Each port has a
port number for identification. When the port number is combined with
an IP address, it is called a socket address.
portability
(1) The ability to
transport equipment manually.
(2) The ability to run a program
on more than one computer without changing
it.
Portable Document Format (PDF)
A standard
specified by Adobe Systems, Incorporated, for the electronic distribution of
documents. PDF files are compact; can be distributed globally via
e-mail, the Web, intranets, or CD-ROM; and can be viewed with the Acrobat
Reader, which is software from Adobe Systems that can be downloaded at no cost
from the Adobe Systems home page.
Portable Operating System Interface for Computer Environments (POSIX)
An
interface standard governed by the IEEE and based on UNIX. POSIX is not
a product. Rather, it is an evolving family of standards describing a
wide spectrum of operating system components ranging from C language and shell
interfaces to system administration.
port group
A group of ports
identified by the common carrier with a single DTE address. The network
directs incoming calls to the first available port, using a sequential search
(rotary) technique.
port number
In Internet
communications, the identification of an application entity to the transport
service.
POS
See Point-of-Sale
Utility.
position
In DCE X/Open Object
Management (XOM), the ordinal position of one element of a string relative to
another. The term also means the ordinal position of one value relative
to another.
positional parameter
A parameter
that must appear in a specified location, relative to other
parameters.
positional pattern
In REXX, a
pattern that causes parsing to occur on the basis of location within the input
string. A positional pattern takes the form of a signed or unsigned
whole number.
positive response
In SNA, a
response indicating that a request arrived and was successfully received and
processed. Contrast with negative response. See also
definite response.
POSIX
See Portable Operating
System Interface for Computer Environments
(POSIX).
post
(1) To add information in a
record to keep that record current.
(2) To note the occurrence of an
event.
postamble
A sequence of binary
characters recorded at the end of each block of data, on phase-encoded
magnetic tape, for synchronization when reading
backward.
Post Office Protocol (POP)
A protocol that is
used for exchanging network mail and accessing
mailboxes.
postoperation exit program
A
user-written program that is given control after operation of a system
function.
Post Telephone and Telegraph Administration (PTT)
An
organization, usually a government department, that provides data
communication services in countries other than the USA and Canada.
Examples of PTTs are the Bundespost in Germany and the Nippon Telephone and
Telegraph Public Corporation in Japan.
potential binding
In DCE Remote
Procedure Call (RPC), a specific combination of an RPC protocol sequence, RPC
protocol major version, network address, endpoint, and transfer syntax that an
RPC client can use to establish a binding with an RPC server. See
binding. See also endpoint, network
address, RPC protocol, RPC protocol sequence, and
transfer syntax.
power control compartment (PCC)
The rack
component that logically controls the application of alternating current power
to the units in the rack.
power cord
The electrical
connection between the AC power source and the
computer.
power down
An AS/400 command to
turn the power off and bring an orderly end to system
operation.
Power-On light
The light on the
control panel that comes on when the system power supply is
on.
PowerPC
A computer architecture
that is based on the third generation of RISC processors. PowerPC was
developed jointly by Apple, Motorola, and IBM.
PowerPC AS
The AS/400 processors
that implement the 64-bit PowerPC architecture with extensions to support
commercial applications for multiple
users.
power sequence cables
Signal
cables that connect the secondary racks to each other and to the primary rack
in a system with more than one rack, and allow complete control of the power
from the primary rack.
PPDU
See presentation-layer
protocol data unit (PPDU).
PPP
See Point-to-Point
Protocol (PPP).
PPT
See Processing Program
Table (PPT).
preamble
A sequence of binary
characters recorded at the beginning of each block of data, on a phase-encoded
magnetic tape, for the purpose of synchronization when reading
forward.
precision
(1) See single
precision and double precision.
(2) In DB2 UDB for AS/400, an
attribute of a number that describes the total number of binary or decimal
digits (excluding the sign) that can be represented in the number.
Floating-point numbers are also described as having single precision or double
precision.
precompile
A processing of
programs containing SQL statements that takes place before a compile.
SQL statements are replaced with statements that will be recognized by the
host language compiler. The output from this precompile includes source
code that can be submitted to the compiler and used in the bind
process.
predefined message
A message
whose description is created and stored in a message file before it is sent by
the program. Contrast with immediate
message.
predefined value
A fixed value
defined by IBM that has a special use in the control language and is reserved
in the operating system. A predefined value usually has an asterisk (*)
as the first character in the value.
predicate
(1) A Boolean logic term
denoting a logical expression that determines the state of some
variables. For example, a predicate can be an expression stating that
variable A must have a value of 3.
(2) In SQL, an element of a search
value that expresses or implies a comparison
operation.
preferred binary encoding
In OSI,
the format in which an NSAP address or network entity title is passed in the
network protocol.
preferred transport class
In OSI, a
transport class that an application entity initially requests during
association establishment. Contrast with alternative transport
class.
preloaded system
A system that is
shipped with the licensed programs and program temporary fixes (PTFs) already
installed on the disk.
preoperation exit program
A
user-written program that is given control before operation of a system
function.
prepared (PRP)
The prepared logical
unit of work (LUW) state indicates that the current LUW is in doubt.
This system has prepared to commit, but has not received the final vote from
the initiator. The PRP state only occurs at nodes that are not a last
agent.
prepared SQL statement
In DB2 UDB
for AS/400, a named object that is the form of an SQL statement that was
processed by the PREPARE statement.
prepare in progress (PIP)
The
prepare in progress logical unit of work (LUW) state indicates that the
current LUW is preparing its resources to commit. A failure during PIP
state results in a rollback.
preprocessing exit program
An exit
program that performs preprocessing when an operation is requested against an
exit point. An example of a preprocessing exit program is the
Preprocessing Exit Program for Add.
preprocessor
In the C language, a
program that examines the source program for preprocessor statements that are
then run, resulting in the alteration of the source
program.
preprocessor directive
See
directive.
preprocessor statement
In the C
language, a statement that begins with the symbol # and is interpreted by the
preprocessor during compilation.
prerequisite program temporary fix (PTF)
A temporary
solution to or a bypass of a problem that is necessary to provide a complete
solution to correct a problem. The system requires that you apply the
prerequisite PTF either before the PTF that needs it or with the PTF that
needs it. Contrast also with corequisite program temporary fix
(PTF) and distribution requisite program temporary fix
(PTF).
prerun-time array
In RPG, an
array that is loaded at the same time as the program, before the program
actually begins to run. Contrast with compile-time array and
run-time array.
prerun-time table
In RPG, a table
that is loaded at the same time as the source program, before the program
actually begins to run. Contrast with compile-time table and
run-time table.
presentation address
(1) In the
Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), an unambiguous name that is used to
identify a set of presentation service access points. Loosely, it is
the network address of an open systems interconnect (OSI) service.
(2) In OSI, an address
that uniquely identifies an application entity. The presentation
address consists of one or more NSAP addresses, a TSAP selector, an SSAP
selector, and a PSAP selector.
presentation context
In OSI, the
combination of an abstract syntax with a transfer syntax that specifies how to
transfer and interpret defined data values between
nodes.
presentation control
In Business
Graphics Utility, an option that allows parts of a chart to be included or
excluded when produced.
presentation controls
In Backup
Recovery and Media Services, a system policy menu option for defining the
presentation of days of the week, the beginning day of the week, and other
special characters as they appear on Backup Recovery and Media Services
displays.
presentation data value (PDV)
In OSI, a
complete unit of information that is meaningful to an application
entity.
presentation graphics routines (PGR)
A group
of routines within the operating system that allows business charts to be
defined and displayed procedurally through function routines. Contrast
with graphical data display manager
(GDDM).
presentation layer
In OSI
architecture, the layer that provides services that enable functional units in
the application layer to select a common syntax in order to define data and
operations to be performed on the
data. (T)
presentation-layer protocol data unit (PPDU)
In OSI, a
protocol data unit in the presentation
layer. (I)
presentation-layer service access point (PSAP)
In OSI, a
service access point in the presentation
layer.
presentation-layer service data unit (PSDU)
In OSI, a
unit of data transferred between the application layer and the presentation
layer.
Presentation Manager
The
interface of the OS/2 operating system that presents, in windows, a
graphics-based interface to applications and files installed and running under
the OS/2 operating system.
presentation service access point (PSAP)
The
address of an open systems interconnection (OSI) communications
partner. It addresses an application in a
computer.
presented type
In DCE Remote
Procedure Call (RPC), for data types with the Interface Definition Language
(IDL) transmit_as attribute, the data type that clients and servers
manipulate. See transmitted
type.
prestart job
A batch job that
starts running before the remote program sends a program start
request.
previous release
The last
required release of the system (such as Release 1.0) prior to the
current release (such as Release 2.0), including any modification
levels (such as Release 1.0 Modification Level 1 or Modification Level
2) that were not required.
previous system
The system that
sent the TELNET or pass-through request that brought the user to the current
system.
PRI
See primary rate
interface (PRI).
primary axis
In the GDDM
function, the axis used to plot data in a business chart. See also
secondary axis.
primary domain
The domain that is
defined by the DNS domain database file on a primary name
server.
primary file
(1) In the DDS for a
join logical file, the first physical file specified on the JFILE
keyword. Contrast with secondary file.
(2) For certain types of join
operations using Query, the first of all files that are joined in a query
definition. The data from this file is used in every record formed by a
join specification.
(3) In RPG, if specified, the
first file from which RPG reads a record. In multifile processing, the
primary file is used to determine whether the MR indicator is set on.
Contrast with full procedural
file.
primary focal point
A network
node that receives alerts from nodes that the user has defined in a sphere of
control. Contrast with default focal
point.
primary folder
In System Manager,
the folder into which the documentation of the corresponding development
folder is stored if dynamic naming is not allowed for the option or if no
override folder name is specified at install
time.
primary group
A group profile
whose authority to an object is stored with that object. Primary group
authority may provide better performance than private group
authority.
primary group authority
The
authority that the primary group has to the object. Contrast with
owner authority, private authority, and public
authority.
primary key
A field or set of
fields in a database file that must be unique, ascending, and may or may not
contain null values. The primary key can become a parent
key.
primary language
The national
language installed on the system as the default language used to display and
print information. The primary language is also used to service the
system. Contrast with secondary
language.
primary library
In System
Manager, for a code load, the library in which the code load is stored if
dynamic naming is not allowed for the option or no override library names are
specified at install time. For language loads, the library in which the
language load is stored if the language load identification matches the
primary language of the system and either dynamic naming is not allowed for
the option or no override library names are specified at install
time.
primary logical partition
A logical
partition that provides certain general functions on which all logical
partitions are dependent. The primary parition is the only partition
that is active in a system that has a single partition. All partition
management functions are performed from this partition. If this
partition is powered off or restarted, for example, the entire system is
powered off or restarted. Also referred to as primary
partition.
primary logical unit (PLU)
In SNA,
the logical unit that contains the primary half-session for a particular
logical unit to logical unit session. See also logical unit
(LU). Contrast with secondary logical unit
(SLU).
primary name
In the Distributed
Computing Environment (DCE), the string name of an object to which any aliases
for that object refer.
primary name server
A name
server that always loads domain information from its own domain database
file.
primary node
A cluster node that
currently has the principle copy of a cluster resource. All
replications of a resilient resource originate from the primary copy of the
resource. See also backup node and replicate
node.
primary operating system
The
operating system that controls the system's resources. The SSP is
considered the primary operating system when only SSP is installed.
Whenever OS/400 is installed, it is always the primary operating system,
regardless of what other operating systems are
installed.
primary optical link
A connection
between the system unit and an expansion unit. The hardware that
creates this link is the local optical link card, the remote bus adapter, and
the optical cables that connect the two.
primary part
In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, a part that contains high-level language statements or other
information that can be compiled or preprocessed. A secondary part is
created as a result of this processing. See also secondary
part.
primary rate interface (PRI)
In ISDN,
an interface that provides 23 (or 30 in Europe) 64 000 bps data channels
(B-channels) and one 64 000 bps signaling channel (D-channel). Also
known as 23/30B + D. Contrast with basic rate interface
(BRI).
primary system
In a remote
journal network, the AS/400 system where the original database
resides.
primary system console
A workstation
that is attached to the first input/output processor that is capable of
supporting workstations. If Operations Console has been configured, a
personal computer (either at a local location or a remote location) becomes
the primary system console.
primary system name
In SNADS, the
system name of an AS/400 system. Contrast with secondary system
name.
primary window
The window in
which the main interaction between the user and an object takes
place.
prime record key
In COBOL, a key
whose contents uniquely identify a record within an indexed
file.
primitive
A simple and
fundamental data structure, API, algorithm, or system service that serves as a
building block for more complex solutions, applications, or
environments.
primitive binding handle
In DCE
Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a binding handle whose data type in Interface
Definition Language (IDL) is handle_t and in application code is
rpc_binding_handle_t. See customized binding
handle.
principal
In DCE Security, an
entity that can communicate securely with another entity. In the DCE,
principals are represented as entries in the Registry database and include
users, servers, computers, and authentication
surrogates.
principal development library
In System
Manager, a development library into which a load object (*PRDLOD) is
created.
principal library
In System
Manager, the library that contains the load object
(*PRDLOD).
principal primary library
In System
Manager, a primary library into which the objects that were created in the
principal development library are stored when no overriding library name is
specified at installation time.
print band
An interchangeable
metal band that contains the print characters used by some
printers.
print control commands
In the
OfficeVision program, the commands that you add to the document to format the
document when you print it. You can see the results of these commands
when you display a document in final
form.
print descriptor
An object used
to manage printing that is created and maintained by the PrintManager
program. Print descriptors describe where a print job is printed, how a
print job is processed, and how output appears. The print descriptors
contain capabilities and defaults of options used for printing. The
system-recognized identifier for the object type is
*PDG.
print descriptor group
An object
used to store print descriptors so they can be managed effectively on a
system. The system-recognized identifier for the object type is
*PDG.
printer/display layout
A
specification on which the user can design the format for a report either
printed or displayed.
printer file
A device file that
determines what attributes printed output will have. A particular
printer may or may not support all of the attributes specified in a printer
file.
printer ID
The identification
code assigned to printers.
printer session
A PC program that
allows a personal printer to emulate a host system
printer.
printer spooling
In CICS, a
facility that provides support for writing data to AS/400 print spools.
Only printed output is supported by CICS.
printer writer
A system program
that writes spooled files to a printer. See also diskette
writer and spooling
writer.
print format utility (PFU)
In AFP
Utilities, a utility that allows a user to print a database file member in
various formats without writing any
programs.
PrintManager
(1) Pertaining to a
collective name for a set of IBM programs or operating system functions that
provide cross-system print management for an entire
enterprise.
(2) The PrintManager functions
for the OS/400 operating system.
print options
Specifications for
printing a document.
printout format definition (PFD)
In AFP
Utilities, a file member that contains information about the record layout,
page layout, record selection, and database file name. A PFD is used to
print the records of a database file member in various
formats.
Print Services Facility (PSF/400)
A feature
of the OS/400 licensed program. PSF contains the Advanced Function
Printing support.
print share
An output queue that
is shared with PC clients on the AS/400 network.
print text
An option that allows
the user to specify a line of text at the bottom of a
list.
priority queue
In SNADS, a queue
that contains distribution queue entries for distributions with a service
level of fast, status, or data high. When send times and queue depths
are satisfied for both the priority and normal queues, the priority queue is
serviced first. Contrast with normal
queue.
privacy
In DCE Remote Procedure
Call (RPC), a protection level that encrypts RPC argument values in secure RPC
communications.
private authority
The authority
specifically given to a user for an object that overrides any other
authorities, such as the authority of a user's group profile or an
authorization list. Contrast with owner authority,
private group authority, and public
authority.
private branch exchange (PBX)
A
switching system located on a customer's premises that consolidates the
number of inside lines (extensions) into a smaller number of outside lines
(trunks). Many PBXs also provide advanced voice and data communications
features.
private document
In the
OfficeVision program, a document that cannot be accessed by a user when
working on behalf of another user. The private document can still be
accessed by users who are authorized to the document when they are not working
on someone else's behalf.
private folder
In the
OfficeVision program, a folder that cannot be accessed by a user when working
on behalf of another user. The private folder can still be accessed by
users who are authorized to the folder when they are not working on someone
else's behalf.
private key
(1) In secure
communication, an algorithmic pattern used to encrypt messages that only the
corresponding public key can decrypt. The private key is also used to
decrypt messages that were encrypted by the corresponding public key.
The private key is kept on the user's system and is protected by a
password.
(2) See secret
key.
private mail
In the OfficeVision
program, mail that can be accessed only by the recipient, but not by someone
working on behalf of the recipient. Before sending the mail item, the
sender can assign the sensitivity level of private to it. See also
sensitivity.
private management domain (PRMD)
In OSI
X.400, a private company or noncommercial organization that handles a
management domain.
private network
A network
established and operated by a private organization or corporation for users
within that organization or corporation. Contrast with public
network.
private object
(1) In the DCE X/Open
Directory Service (XDS), an object management (OM) object created in the
workspace using the OM functions. Contrast with public
object.
(2) In DCE X/Open Object
Management (XOM), an object that is represented in an unspecified
fashion.
private storage pool
A storage
pool containing a specified amount of storage that can be used by only one
subsystem. Contrast with shared storage
pool.
privilege
In SQL, a capability
given to a user by the processing of a GRANT
statement.
privilege attribute
In DCE
Security, an attribute of a principal that may be associated with a set of
permissions. DCE privilege attributes are identity-based and include
the principal's name, group memberships, and local
cell.
privilege attribute certificate (PAC)
In DCE
Security, data describing a principal's privilege attributes that has
been certified by an authority.
Privilege Service
One of the
three services provided by the DCE Security service, the Privilege Service
certifies a principal's privileges. See also Registry
Service and Authentication
Service.
privilege ticket
In DCE Security,
a ticket that contains a privilege attribute certificate in addition to the
information contained in a simple ticket. See ticket,
privilege attribute certificate (PAC), simple ticket,
service ticket, and ticket-granting
ticket.
PRM
See program resolution
monitor (PRM).
PRMD
See private management
domain (PRMD).
probe
A type of message that
determines if a message with certain characteristics can be delivered to a
specific recipient. This type of message is treated like a user message
by the message transfer agent (MTA), except that it is never delivered to the
recipient.
problem analysis
The process of
finding the cause of a problem. For example, a program error, device
error, or user error.
problem isolation procedure (PIP)
Written
information used by service representatives to repair IBM equipment. A
PIP contains yes/no questions and procedures that direct the user to the
failing part of the equipment.
problem log
A record of problems
and of the status of the analysis of those
problems.
problem management
In System
Manager, the discipline that manages the detection, analysis, correction, and
tracking of problems occurring in an information system
environment.
problem management focal point
The
management services responsible for the problem analysis and diagnosis for a
sphere of control. An alert focal point is a subset of a problem
management focal point. See alert focal
point.
procedural programming
In RPG, a
programming technique in which the input and output operations are controlled
by programmer-specified operation codes instead of by the program
cycle.
procedure
(1) In COBOL, one or more
successive paragraphs or sections, within the Procedure Division, that direct
the computer to perform some action or series of related actions.
(2) In query management, a query
object that consists of a related set of query commands. A procedure
allows an application to run multiple query commands through one call to the
callable interface.
(3) In the Integrated Language
Environment (ILE) model, a set of self-contained high-level language (HLL)
statements that performs a particular task and returns to the caller.
Individual languages have different names for this concept of a
procedure. In C, a procedure is called a
function.
procedure call
A call made to a
procedure within a module in a bound program. Contrast with
program call.
procedure declaration
In DCE
Remote Procedure Call (RPC), the syntax for an operation, including its name,
the data type of the value it returns (if any), and the number, order, and
data types of its parameters (if any).
Procedure Division
One of the
four main parts of a COBOL program. The Procedure Division contains
instructions for solving a problem. The Procedure Division may contain
imperative statements, conditional statements, paragraphs, procedures and
sections.
procedure language statements
In query
management, the query commands that are used in query
procedures.
procedure name
In COBOL, a
paragraph name or a section name in the Procedure
Division.
procedure order profiling data
A portion of
observability that is stored with a program that is produced by Integrated
Language Environment (ILE) application profiling. The data lists the
order in which the program's procedures were packaged and also indicates
how the procedures should be packaged in the future if the program is rebuilt
in some way. For example, if procedure A calls procedure B very often,
then it is advantageous to package procedures A and B close
together.
procedure pointer call
A
high-level language call mechanism for specifying the address of a procedure
to be called. The procedure pointer call provides a way to call a
procedure dynamically. For example, by manipulating arrays or tables of
procedure names or addresses, the application programmer can dynamically route
a procedure call to different procedures. Contrast with static
procedure call.
process
(1) In data processing, the
course of events that occurs during the processing of all or part of a
program.
(2) In Java, a group of
types. Packages are declared with the package keyword.
(3) For Common Programming APIs
ToolKit, the collection of all OS/400 jobs sharing an activation group.
(4) In System Manager, a combination
of systems management applications that accomplishes one or more customer
tasks or a part of a task. A process may contain other
processes.
(5) A process is what other systems
call a job.
process access group (PAG)
A group
of job-related objects that may be paged in and out of storage in a single
operation when a job (process) enters or leaves a long
wait.
process definition object
In
MQSeries, an MQM object that contains the definition of an MQM
application. For example, a queue manager uses the definition when it
works with trigger messages.
processing
The action of
performing operations and calculations on
data.
Processing Program Table (PPT)
A table
defining the application programs and BMS maps that can be run under
CICS.
processing unit
The part of the
system that performs instructions and contains main
storage.
process manager
In the SystemView
structure, the support programming that allows for the defining and running of
a process.
processor
(1) A device for processing
data from programmed instructions. It may be part of another
unit.
(2) One or more integrated
circuits that process coded instructions and perform a task. See also
system processor, service processor, and
input/output processor
(IOP).
Processor Active light
The light
on the control panel that comes on when the processing unit is
running.
product
In System Manager, a
program or application that is identified as a product to the OS/400 operating
system by a product identifier and a product definition. See also
unique product.
product availability object
A system
object used to store information about products and licensed programs.
The system-recognized identifier is
*PRDAVL.
product definition
In System
Manager, an object that contains the information about a product. The
object type is *PRDDFN. A product definition is identified as belonging
to a product (PRDID) and a release (RLS). A given product and release
can have only one product definition.
production
In OSI, a part of the
formal notation used to specify ASN.1, in which allowed sequences of
items are associated with a name that can be used to refer to those sequences
in the definition of new sets of allowed
sequences.
production library
A library
containing objects needed for normal processing. Contrast with
test library.
product load
(1) In System Manager,
an object that contains the control information about an option. The
object type is *PRODLOD. A product load is identified by the product
identifier (PRDID), release (RLS), option (OPTION), and load identifier
(LODID) parameters.
(2) The smallest logical
collection of objects that can make a product
option.
product message file
In System
Manager, a file containing one or more product
descriptions.
product option
In System Manager,
a group of one or more loads, one of which must be a code
load.
product-sensitive programming interface (PSPI)
(1) A
special interface that is intended to be used only for a specialized task,
such as diagnosis, modification, monitoring, repairing, tailoring, or
tuning.
(2) A special
interface that is dependent on or requires the customer to understand
significant aspects of the detailed design and implementation of the IBM
software product.
profile
(1) Data that describes the
characteristics of a user, program, device, or remote location.
(2) In DCE Remote Procedure Call
(RPC), an entry in a name service database that contains a collection of
elements from which name service interface (NSI) search operations construct
search paths for the database. See NSI profile attribute,
and profile element.
profile element
In DCE Remote
Procedure Call (RPC), a record in an RPC profile that maps an RPC interface
identifier to a profile member (a server entry, group, or profile in a name
service database). See profile. See also
group, interface identifier, and server
entry.
profile handle
A value created by
the system from the Get Profile Handle API that is used to identify a valid
user ID and password. This value is used as input to switch the
controlling user profile in a job to another user profile without changing the
name of the job.
profile member
In DCE Remote
Procedure Call (RPC), a name service entry whose name occupies the member
field of an element of the profile. See
profile.
PROFS bridge
See VM/MVS
bridge.
program
(1) A sequence of
instructions that a computer can interpret and run.
(2) In the Integrated Language
Environment (ILE) model, the runable object that results from binding modules
together.
program automatic storage area (PASA)
A system
object that contains call level information for each program on the call
stack. The PASA can also contain space (allocated when the program
object is called) for program variables.
program call
A call made to an
ILE program or to an OPM program. See also dynamic program
call and static program call. Contrast with
procedure call.
Program Call Markup Language (PCML)
A tag language
that is used to describe the input and output parameters for AS/400
programs. PCML is based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML).
PCML files are used with the ProgramCallDocument class in the AS/400 Toolbox
for Java to automate parameter handling and calls of ILE programs from
Java.
program control
A CICS facility
that handles the flow of control among application
programs.
program control table (PCT)
A CICS
table defining the transactions that can be processed by the system.
Each transaction is paired with the name of the program that CICS runs when
the transaction is called.
program cycle
In RPG, the series
of operations performed by the computer for each record
read.
program-described data
Data
contained in a file for which the fields in the records are described in the
program that processes the file. Contrast with externally
described data.
program-described file
A file for
which the fields in the records are described only in the programs that
process the file. To the operating system, the record appears as a
character string. Contrast with externally described
file.
program device
A symbolic device
that a program uses instead of a real device (identified by the device
name). When the program uses a program device, the system redirects the
operation to the appropriate real
device.
program device override
The
attributes specified at run time that change the attributes of the program
device.
program entry procedure (PEP)
A
procedure provided by the compiler that is the entry point for an ILE program
on a dynamic program call. Contrast with user entry
procedure.
program ID
A 1- to 8-character
string entered from a finance device and associated with an AS/400 finance
transaction program. Lists of valid program IDs and their associated
application programs are maintained in program
tables.
program identification entry
In COBOL,
an entry in the PROGRAM-ID paragraph of the Identification Division that
contains clauses that specify the program-name and assign selected program
attributes to the program.
program initialization parameters (PIP)
The
initial parameter value(s) passed to a target program as input or used to set
up the process environment.
program integrated information (PII)
Programs
for the user interface such as menus, messages, and help
panels.
program level
Pertaining to an
operation that is performed for an entire program. For example, a
Monitor Message (MONMSG) command that immediately follows the last declare
command in a CL program is a program-level MONMSG command. Contrast
with command level.
programmable work station (PWS)
A work
station that has some degree of processing capability and allows the user to
change its functions. Contrast with nonprogrammable work station
(NWS).
programmed function (PF) key
On a
workstation, a key that can perform various functions selected by the user or
determined by an application
program.
programmer subsystem
An
IBM-supplied interactive subsystem used to code programs on a display
station. The system object name is
QPGMR.
programmer user profile
The
system-supplied user profile that has the authority necessary for system and
application programmers and the special authorities of save system authority
and job control authority. Named
QPGMR.
program message queue
An object
used to hold messages that are sent between program calls of a routing
step. The program message queue is part of the job message
queue.
programming development manager (PDM)
A part of
the Application Development ToolSet licensed program that allows users to
perform several operations (such as copy, delete, and rename) from lists of
libraries, objects, and members. PDM also allows users to create
user-defined options to perform
operations.
programming interface
The
supported method through which customer programs request software
services. The programming interface consists of a set of callable
services provided with a product. Synonymous with programming
interface for customers.
programming interface for customers
A synonym
for programming
interface.
Programming Request for Price Quotation (PRPQ)
A
customer request for a price quotation for a licensed program to be designed
especially for a particular group of customers or an application.
Documentation for the program is provided only to those customers who order
the PRPQ. Compare with Request for Price Quotation
(RPQ).
programming services
Distributed
Computing Environment (DCE) services used mainly by programmers to develop
distributed applications. Programming services include Remote Procedure
Call (RPC) and Threads.
program name
A user-defined word
that identifies a COBOL source program.
program object
One of two machine
object classifications. It includes those objects used in programs that
get their definition from an object definition table. Program objects
are used as the parameter or values of machine instructions. Contrast
with system object.
program preparation
In DB2 UDB
for AS/400, the process of producing a program. The process includes
precompilation, compilation, and bind.
program profiling
A technique
that is used to optimize a
program.
program resolution monitor (PRM)
In the
original program model (OPM), a program that translates the intermediate
representation of a program into the machine language for use by the
computer. The program resolution monitor is used by the programming
language compilers to complete the translation of a source program into
machine language instructions.
program static storage area (PSSA)
A system
object that contains static variable data for programs on the call
stack. The PSSA contains space for program variables that is activated
when the program object is activated. The PSSA is contained in the
process access group (PAG).
program table
A list of the
AS/400 finance applications for use in an AS/400 finance job. Each
table entry consists of a program ID and the program name and library
associated with that ID. Program IDs received in data streams from
finance devices are located in the program table to determine the AS/400
application that should be called.
program temporary fix (PTF)
(1) A temporary
solution to or bypass of a problem diagnosed by IBM as resulting from a defect
in a current unaltered release of a licensed program. Synonymous with
fix. Contrast with Licensed Internal Code
fix.
(2) In the System
Manager program, a means of correcting a problem or potential problem found
within a product, or of providing an enhancement to a product before a new
release of the product is available. PTFs are designed to replace one
or more objects in the product. Generally, PTFs are incorporated in a
future release of the product.
program variable
A named
changeable value that can exist only within programs. Its value cannot
be obtained or used when the program that contains it is no longer
running.
project
In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, the name of an application consisting of a collection of one or more
groups.
project administrator
In the
Application Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet
licensed program, the person who defines the environment in which developers
work and who enrolls them to a project within the
environment.
project hierarchy
In the
Application Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet
licensed program, a collection of groups organized into levels, with each
level representing a phase in the development
process.
project log
In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, a record of what has changed in a project, the commands used, the
user who issued the commands, and when the changes took place. This log
can be printed or viewed on a display.
promote
(1) In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, to move a part up one level in the project hierarchy.
(2) In ILE, to convert an unhandled
exception into a new exception with a different meaning. The new
exception is passed on to the next exception
handler.
promote code
In the Application
Development Manager feature of the Application Development ToolSet licensed
program, an identifier that shows to which group a part can be promoted to in
the project hierarchy.
promote path
Application
Development ToolSet licensed program, the arrangement of groups between a
group containing parts that must be promoted and the group that will
eventually contain the parts when work on them is
finished.
prompt
A reminder or a displayed
request for information or user action. The user must respond to allow
the program to proceed.
prompted aid box
In the
OfficeVision program, a list of words shown by the spell aid function, that
contains possible spellings or synonyms to replace words in a
document.
Proof of Entitlement (POE)
A document that
arrives with an AS/400 software order. The POE validates the licensed
programs that a customer has purchased.
proportional spacing
The spacing
of characters according to their relative width.
proposal
A proposal is a
collection of protocols that the initiating and responding key servers use to
establish a dynamic Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection between two
endpoints.
proposed abstract syntax list
In OSI,
a list of abstract syntaxes that an application entity specifies as acceptable
when initiating an association.
protected conversation
An LU
6.2 conversation that supports two-phase commit protocols for resource
recovery and resynchronization protocols. Contrast with
unprotected conversation.
protected field
A field on a
display in which a user cannot add, change, or delete
data.
protected file
A file that cannot
be changed by an override file
command.
protected logical unit of work identifier (LUWID)
The
logical unit of work identifier that is used in a protected
conversation.
protected logical unit of work (LUW)
The
logical unit of work that is used in a protected
conversation.
protected password
In APPC, a
string of bytes that is substituted for a user password. The protected
password is sent instead of the user password and can be used to verify the
identity of the user but only under specific and controlled
circumstances. The LU type 6.2 architecture refers to the
protected password as a password
substitute.
protected resource
(1) A resource
that is updated in a synchronized manner during resource recovery
processing.
(2) A resource, such as a
database, that can be changed only in accordance with the two-phase commit
protocol.
protected storage
(1) The part of the
auxiliary storage pool (ASP) that is reserved for the creation of permanent
objects, such as libraries and files, when checksum protection is in
effect.
(2) All auxiliary storage
in an auxiliary storage pool (ASP) when mirrored protection is in
effect.
protection level
The degree to
which secure network communications are protected. Synonymous with
authentication level.
protection setup
In Internet
communications, a group of protection subdirectives that work together to
define how the server should control access to the resources being
protected. You can define protection setups within the configuration
file, in separate protection setup files, or by using the Configuration and
Administration forms.
protocol
(1) A set of rules
controlling the communication and transfer of data between two or more devices
or systems in a communications network.
(2) In OSI, a specification of the
format and relative timing of information exchanged between peer entities
within a layer.
(3) In Internet communications, the
set of rules that govern the operation of functional units of a communication
system. Protocols can determine low-level details of machine-to-machine
interfaces, such as the order in which bits are set. Protocols can also
determine high-level exchanges between application programs, such as file
transfer.
protocol converter
A general term
for a device that changes one type of coded data to another type of coded data
for processing. See also link protocol converter
(LPC).
protocol data unit (PDU)
(1) A unit of
data exchanged between peer systems.
(2) In OSI, a unit of
data exchanged between peer entities.
protocol family
Synonymous with
address family.
protocol sequence
In the
Distributed Computing Environment (DCE), a synonym for RPC protocol
sequence.
protocol sequence vector
In DCE
Remote Procedure Call (RPC), a data structure that contains an array-size
count and an array of pointers to RPC protocol-sequence strings. See
RPC protocol sequence.
Protocol 1 (P1)
The message
transfer protocol used to relay X.400 messages between message transfer
agents (MTAs).
Protocol 2 (P2)
The message
protocol used between user agents to convey the syntax and structure of an
X.400 message and to specify what a recipient user agent does with the
message.
proxy gateway
A firewall that
prevents users outside a private network from accessing computers within the
private network.
proxy server
A server that
receives requests intended for another server and that acts on the
client's behalf (as the client's proxy) to obtain the requested
service. A proxy server is often used when the client and the server
are incompatible for direct connection. For example, the client is
unable to meet the security authentication requirements of the server but
should be permitted some services.
PRPQ
See Programming Request
for Price Quotation (PRPQ).
PSAP
See presentation-layer
service access point (PSAP).
PSAP selector
In OSI, an external
identifier for a service access point at the Presentation Layer. The
PSAP selector is part of a presentation address.
PSDN
See packet-switching
data network (PSDN).
PSDU
See presentation-layer
service data unit (PSDU).
pseudo-CL variable
In REXX, a
variable used in CL commands, whose name conforms to the CL programming rules
for variables but actually refers to a REXX variable. The name must
begin with an ampersand, but it is stripped off when determining the name of
the actual REXX variable that is to be used. Pseudo-CL variables must
be valid REXX variable names and valid CL variable
names.
pseudocode
A set of instructions
that has a logical structure but does not follow the syntax of any particular
programming language.
pseudorandom number
In
Cryptographic Support, a number that is obtained by some defined arithmetic
process, but is effectively a random number for the purpose for which it is
required. Contrast with random
number.
pseudo-text
In COBOL, a sequence
of character-strings and/or separators bounded by, but not including,
pseudo-text delimiters. Pseudo-text is used in the COPY REPLACING
statement for replacing text
strings.
pseudo-text delimiter
In COBOL,
two equal signs (==) side by side used to define the beginning and end of
pseudo-text.
PSF/400
See Print Services
Facility (PSF/400).
PSH
See physical services
header (PSH).
PSPI
See product-sensitive
programming interface (PSPI).
PSSA
See program static
storage area (PSSA).
PSTN
See public-switched
telephone network (PSTN).
PTF
See program temporary
fix (PTF).
PTF media
The diskette, tape, or
CD-ROM on which the user receives program temporary fixes
(PTFs).
pthread
Shorthand for the AS/400
threads API set that is based on a subset of the POSIX
standard.
PTT
See Post Telephone and
Telegraph Administration (PTT).
PU
See
physical unit (PU).
Public Address Book
A Lotus Notes
database that provides a domain-wide directory of Notes servers, users,
certifiers, domains, and groups. It contains documents that manage
server-to-server communication and server programs. Also referred to as
Domino Directory.
public authority
The authority
given to users who do not have any specific (private) authority to an object,
who are not on the authorization list (if one is specified for the object),
and whose group profile has no specific authority to the object.
Contrast with owner authority, primary group, and
private authority.
public data network (PDN)
A
communication common carrier network that provides data communication services
over switched or nonswitched lines.
public interface
The names of
procedures and data items, exported from an ILE service program, that can be
accessed by Integrated Language Environment (ILE) programs or other service
programs.
public key
In secure
communication, an algorithmic pattern used to decrypt messages that were
encrypted by the corresponding private key. A public key is also used
to encrypt messages that can be decrypted only by the corresponding private
key. Users broadcast their public keys to everyone with whom they must
exchange encrypted messages.
public key cryptography
A method
of cryptography that depends on a matched pair of keys. Information
encrypted with one key can be decrypted only by the other key in the
pair. One of the keys can be made public. The other key is kept
private. This method allows secure communication between an individual
entity (such as a merchant) and any other entities who obtain the public key
(such as consumers).
public network
Generically, a
network operated by common carriers or telecommunications administrators for
the provision of circuit-switched, packet-switched, and nonswitched lines to
the public. Contrast with private
network.
public object
(1) In DCE X/Open
Object Management (XOM), an object that is represented by a data structure
whose format is part of the service's specification.
(2) In DCE X/Open Directory
Service (XDS), a descriptor list that contains all the OM attributes of an OM
object.
public-switched telephone network (PSTN)
A
communication common carrier network that provides voice and data
communications services over switched lines.
purge
In Performance Tools, a job
attribute that specifies whether a job is to be marked eligible to be moved
out of main storage to auxiliary storage when entering a long wait or leaving
the activity level.
purported name
In the Distributed
Computing Environment (DCE), a construct that is syntactically a name, but has
not yet been shown to be a valid name.
push
To
add an item to the top of a pushdown list. Contrast with
pop.
push button
A button, labeled
with text, graphics, or both, that represents an action that starts when a
user selects the push button.
pushdown list
A list that is
constructed and maintained so that the next data element to be retrieved is
the most recently stored.